Maurer K, Dierks T
Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik, Würzburg.
EEG EMG Z Elektroenzephalogr Elektromyogr Verwandte Geb. 1988 Mar;19(1):21-5.
P300 is known as a wave which enables the evaluation of cognitive function in neuropsychology and psychiatry. The most reliable result in psychoses was an amplitude reduction. Since similar wave alteration occurred not only in psychoses but also in dementia, the P300 reduction was too unspecific to serve as criteria for differential diagnosis. By means of topographical procedures it could be found out that the well defined P300 fields underwent characteristic changes in psychoses which even allowed a differentiation between different subgroups in schizophrenia. In hebephrenics the frontal field was very low whereas the paranoid group showed a lateralized P300-pattern with lower amplitudes in the right parieto-temporal area. In depression the P300-pattern was identical to the fields known in geriatric controls. The results will be discussed regarding other structural and functional imaging procedures. By means of topographical display of P300 the specificity of cognitive waves can be augmented considerably with the possibility to differentiate between different types of psychoses.
P300是一种可用于评估神经心理学和精神病学中认知功能的脑电波。在精神病患者中，最可靠的结果是其波幅降低。由于类似的波形改变不仅出现在精神病患者中，也出现在痴呆患者中，因此P300波幅降低缺乏特异性，不能作为鉴别诊断的标准。通过地形图分析可以发现，在精神病患者中，明确界定的P300波场会发生特征性变化，这甚至有助于区分精神分裂症的不同亚组。在青春型精神分裂症患者中，额叶波场很低，而偏执型患者则表现出P300波型的偏侧化，右侧顶颞区波幅较低。在抑郁症患者中，P300波型与老年对照组中已知的波场相同。将结合其他结构和功能成像程序对结果进行讨论。通过P300的地形图显示，可以显著提高认知波的特异性，并有可能区分不同类型的精神病。
