Choi Seo-Ree, Kim Na-Hyun, Jin Ho-Seong, Seo Yeo-Jin, Lee Juhyun, Lee Joon-Hwa
Department of Chemistry and RINS, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongnam 52828, South Korea.
Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea.
Comput Struct Biotechnol J. 2019 Jun 13;17:797-804. doi: 10.1016/j.csbj.2019.06.008. eCollection 2019.
Base-pair opening is a conformational transition that is required for proper biological function of nucleic acids. Hydrogen exchange, observed by NMR spectroscopic experiments, is a widely used method to study the thermodynamics and kinetics of base-pair opening in nucleic acids. The hydrogen exchange data of imino protons are analyzed based on a two-state (open/closed) model for the base-pair, where hydrogen exchange only occurs from the open state. In this review, we discuss examples of how hydrogen exchange data provide insight into several interesting biological processes involving functional interactions of nucleic acids: ) selective recognition of DNA by proteins; ) regulation of RNA cleavage by site-specific mutations; ) intermolecular interaction of proteins with their target DNA or RNA; ) formation of PNA:DNA hybrid duplexes.
碱基对打开是核酸正常生物学功能所需的一种构象转变。通过核磁共振光谱实验观察到的氢交换是研究核酸中碱基对打开的热力学和动力学的一种广泛使用的方法。基于碱基对的二态（开放/闭合）模型分析亚氨基质子的氢交换数据，其中氢交换仅从开放状态发生。在本综述中，我们讨论了氢交换数据如何为涉及核酸功能相互作用的几个有趣生物学过程提供见解的例子：（1）蛋白质对DNA的选择性识别；（2）通过位点特异性突变对RNA切割的调控；（3）蛋白质与其靶DNA或RNA的分子间相互作用；（4）肽核酸：DNA杂交双链体的形成。
