Chemical Engineering Institute of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
Key Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials and Biomass in University of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730124, People's Republic of China.
Clin Exp Med. 2019 Nov;19(4):417-426. doi: 10.1007/s10238-019-00571-w. Epub 2019 Jul 16.
Cancer research has advanced throughout the years with respect to the personalization of the treatments and to targeting cancer-related molecular signatures on different organs. Still, the adverse events of the treatments such as radiotherapy are of high concern as they may increase the mortality rate due to their severity. With the improved efficiency of cancer treatments, patient survival has been increasing. Consequently, the number of patients with adverse effects from radiotherapy is also expected to increase in the forthcoming years. Therefore, approaches for personalized treatments include the elimination of adverse events and decreasing the toxicity in healthy tissues while increasing the efficiency of cancer cytotoxicity. In this context, this paper aims to discuss the recent advances in the field of thorax irradiation therapy and its related toxicities leading to radiation pneumonitis in cancer patients. Molecular mechanisms involved in the radiation-induced lung injury and approaches used to overcome this lung injury are discussed. The discourse covers approaches such as therapeutic administration of natural products, current and prospective radioprotective drugs, and applications of mesenchymal stem cells for radiation-induced lung injury.
多年来，癌症研究在治疗的个性化和针对不同器官的癌症相关分子特征方面取得了进展。尽管如此，治疗的不良反应，如放疗，仍然是人们高度关注的问题，因为它们的严重性可能会导致死亡率上升。随着癌症治疗效率的提高，患者的生存率一直在提高。因此，预计未来几年因放疗而产生不良反应的患者数量也会增加。因此，个性化治疗的方法包括消除不良反应和降低健康组织的毒性，同时提高癌症细胞毒性的效率。在这方面，本文旨在讨论胸部放疗治疗及其相关毒性的最新进展，这些毒性会导致癌症患者发生放射性肺炎。讨论了辐射引起的肺损伤的分子机制以及克服这种肺损伤的方法。本文涵盖了一些方法，如天然产物的治疗给药、当前和潜在的放射保护药物，以及间充质干细胞在辐射诱导的肺损伤中的应用。
