Department of Quality and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.
Department of Caring and Ethics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.
Scand J Caring Sci. 2020 Jun;34(2):267-279. doi: 10.1111/scs.12735. Epub 2019 Jul 17.
A long-term illness is stressful both for the person with the diagnosis and for his or her informal caregivers. Many people willingly assume the caregiving role, so it is important to understand why they stay in this role and how their motivation affects their health. Self-determination theory (SDT) is a theory of human motivation that has been successfully applied in human research domains. To our knowledge, there is no literature review on the application of SDT in a caregiver context. A systematic review of the literature could improve the understanding of motivation in caregiver work and contribute to the utility of SDT.
To describe and explore empirical studies of caregivers' motivation from the perspective of self-determination theory.
An integrative literature review according to Whittemore and Knafl was conducted with systematic repetitive searches in the MEDLINE, Scopus, PsychInfo, PsycNET, Chinal, Cochrane Library and EMBASE databases. The searches were performed from May through December 2018. The PRISMA diagram was used for study selection, and papers were assessed for quality based on the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Data analysis consisted of a four-stage narrative analysis method.
Of 159 articles, 10 were eligible for inclusion. All studies considered satisfaction of the three basic psychological needs for competence, autonomy and relatedness as essential in predicting the quality of caregivers' motivation and thereby their well-being. In this review, autonomous motivation was the most important determinant of caregivers' well-being.
Findings showed that SDT can be applied to identify, categorise, explain, predict, promote and support motivation among caregivers. This lends interesting support for SDT and promotes further study and application of the theory as a psychological approach to caregivers' health and health promotion.
长期患病对被诊断出疾病的人和他们的非正式照顾者来说都是一种压力。许多人自愿承担照顾者的角色，因此了解他们为什么留在这个角色中以及他们的动机如何影响他们的健康是很重要的。自我决定理论（SDT）是一种人类动机理论，已成功应用于人类研究领域。据我们所知，目前还没有关于 SDT 在照顾者背景下应用的文献综述。对文献的系统综述可以提高对照顾者工作动机的理解，并有助于 SDT 的实用性。
从自我决定理论的角度描述和探讨照顾者动机的实证研究。
根据 Whittemore 和 Knafl 的方法进行了综合文献综述，对 MEDLINE、Scopus、PsychInfo、PsycNET、Chinal、Cochrane Library 和 EMBASE 数据库进行了系统的重复搜索。搜索时间为 2018 年 5 月至 12 月。使用 PRISMA 图进行研究选择，根据混合方法评估工具评估论文的质量。数据分析包括一个四阶段的叙述性分析方法。
在 159 篇文章中，有 10 篇符合纳入标准。所有研究都认为满足能力、自主性和关联性这三种基本心理需求对于预测照顾者动机的质量以及他们的幸福感是至关重要的。在本综述中，自主动机是照顾者幸福感的最重要决定因素。
研究结果表明，SDT 可用于识别、分类、解释、预测、促进和支持照顾者的动机。这为 SDT 提供了有趣的支持，并促进了该理论作为一种心理方法在照顾者健康和健康促进方面的进一步研究和应用。
