《接受主动监测的前列腺癌男性患者体内 ω-3 脂肪酸的研究：从摄入量到前列腺组织水平》
Omega-3 Fatty Acids Survey in Men under Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer: from Intake to Prostate Tissue Level.
机构信息
Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, QC G1R 3S1, Canada.
Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
出版信息
Nutrients. 2019 Jul 16;11(7):1616. doi: 10.3390/nu11071616.
Dietary omega-3 fatty acids (ω3), particularly long-chain ω3 (LCω3), have protective effects against prostate cancer (PCa) in experimental studies. Observational studies are conflicting, possibly because of the biomarker used. This study aimed at evaluating associations between grade reclassification and ω3 levels assessed in prostatic tissue, red blood cells (RBC), and diet. We conducted a validation cross-sectional study nested within a phase II clinical trial. We identified 157 men diagnosed with low-risk PCa who underwent a first active surveillance repeat prostate biopsy session. Fatty acid (FA) intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire and their levels measured in prostate tissue and RBC. Associations were evaluated using logistic regression. At first repeat biopsy session, 39 (25%) men had high-grade PCa (grade group ≥2). We found that high LCω3-eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) level in prostate tissue (odds ratio (OR) 0.25; 95% (confidence interval (CI) 0.08-0.79; -trend = 0.03) was associated with lower odds of high-grade PCa. Similar results were observed for LCω3 dietary intake (OR 0.30; 95% CI 0.11-0.83; -trend = 0.02) but no association for RBC. LCω3-EPA levels in the target prostate tissue are inversely associated with high-grade PCa in men with low-risk PCa, supporting that prostate tissue FA, but not RBC FA, is a reliable biomarker of PCa risk.
饮食中的ω-3 脂肪酸（ω3），尤其是长链 ω3（LCω3），在实验研究中对前列腺癌（PCa）具有保护作用。观察性研究结果存在冲突，这可能是由于所使用的生物标志物不同。本研究旨在评估前列腺组织、红细胞（RBC）和饮食中ω3 水平的重新分类与前列腺癌之间的关联。我们进行了一项验证性的横断面研究，该研究嵌套在一项 II 期临床试验中。我们确定了 157 名被诊断为低危 PCa 的男性，他们接受了第一次主动监测重复前列腺活检。使用食物频率问卷评估脂肪酸（FA）摄入量，并测量前列腺组织和 RBC 中的 FA 水平。使用逻辑回归评估关联。在第一次重复活检时，39 名（25%）男性患有高级别 PCa（等级组≥2）。我们发现前列腺组织中高 LCω3-二十碳五烯酸（EPA）水平（比值比（OR）0.25；95%置信区间（CI）0.08-0.79；-趋势=0.03）与高级别 PCa 的可能性降低相关。LCω3 饮食摄入也有类似的结果（OR 0.30；95%CI 0.11-0.83；-趋势=0.02），但 RBC 无关联。低危 PCa 男性前列腺组织中的 LCω3-EPA 水平与高级别 PCa 呈负相关，这支持前列腺组织 FA 而不是 RBC FA 是 PCa 风险的可靠生物标志物。
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