Soybean Department, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Sci Rep. 2019 Jul 17;9(1):10341. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-46817-1.
Isoflavones are a group of phytoestrogens, naturally-occurring substances important for their role in human health. Legumes, particularly soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), are the richest source of isoflavones in human diet. Since there is not much current data on genetics of isoflavones in soybean, particularly in the aglycone form, elucidation of the mode of inheritance is necessary in order to design an efficient breeding strategy for the development of high-isoflavone soybean genotypes. Based on the isoflavone content in 23 samples of soybeans from four different maturity groups (00, 0, I and II), three crosses were made in order to determine the inheritance pattern and increase the content of total isoflavones and their aglycone form. Genotype with the lowest total isoflavone content (NS-L-146) was crossed with the low- (NS Zenit), medium (NS Maximus), and high- (NS Virtus) isoflavone genotypes. There were no significant differences in the total isoflavone content (TIF) between F populations, and there was no transgression among genotypes within the populations. Each genotype within all three populations had a higher TIF value than the lower parent (NS-L-146), while genotypes with a higher TIF value than the better parent were found only in the NS-L-146 × NS Zenit cross. However, significant differences in the aglycone ratio (ratio of aglycone to glycone form of isoflavones) were found between the populations. The highest aglycone ratio was found in the NS-L-146 × NS Maximus cross. The results indicate that the genetic improvement for the trait is possible.
异黄酮是一组植物雌激素，因其在人类健康中的作用而成为重要的天然物质。豆类，特别是大豆（Glycine max (L.) Merr.），是人类饮食中异黄酮的最丰富来源。由于目前关于大豆异黄酮的遗传信息，特别是糖苷形式的异黄酮遗传信息较少，因此为了设计高效的选育策略来开发高异黄酮大豆基因型，阐明其遗传模式是必要的。基于来自四个不同成熟组（00、0、I 和 II）的 23 个大豆样本中的异黄酮含量，进行了三次杂交以确定遗传模式并提高总异黄酮及其糖苷形式的含量。具有最低总异黄酮含量（NS-L-146）的基因型与低（NS Zenit）、中（NS Maximus）和高（NS Virtus）异黄酮基因型杂交。F 群体之间的总异黄酮含量（TIF）没有显著差异，群体内的基因型也没有超越。所有三个群体中的每个基因型的 TIF 值都高于较低亲本（NS-L-146），而高于较好亲本的基因型仅在 NS-L-146 × NS Zenit 杂交中发现。然而，在群体之间发现了糖苷比（异黄酮糖苷形式与糖苷形式的比值）的显著差异。NS-L-146 × NS Maximus 杂交中发现了最高的糖苷比。结果表明该性状的遗传改良是可能的。
