Kao Chung-Feng, He Shan-Syue, Wang Chang-Sheng, Lai Zheng-Yuan, Lin Da-Gin, Chen Shu
Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Advanced Plant Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Front Plant Sci. 2021 Jan 12;11:612106. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.612106. eCollection 2020.
Vegetable soybeans [ (L.) Merr.] have characteristics of larger seeds, less beany flavor, tender texture, and green-colored pods and seeds. Rich in nutrients, vegetable soybeans are conducive to preventing neurological disease. Due to the change of dietary habits and increasing health awareness, the demand for vegetable soybeans has increased. To conserve vegetable soybean germplasms in Taiwan, we built a core collection of vegetable soybeans, with minimum accessions, minimum redundancy, and maximum representation. Initially, a total of 213 vegetable soybean germplasms and 29 morphological traits were used to construct the core collection. After redundant accessions were removed, 200 accessions were retained as the entire collection, which was grouped into nine clusters. Here, we developed a modified Roger's distance for mixed quantitative-qualitative phenotypes to select 30 accessions (denoted as the core collection) that had a maximum pairwise genetic distance. No significant differences were observed in all phenotypic traits (values > 0.05) between the entire and the core collections, except plant height. Compared to the entire collection, we found that most traits retained diversities, but seven traits were slightly lost (ranged from 2 to 9%) in the core collection. The core collection demonstrated a small percentage of significant mean difference (3.45%) and a large coincidence rate (97.70%), indicating representativeness of the entire collection. Furthermore, large values in variable rate (149.80%) and coverage (92.5%) were in line with high diversity retained in the core collection. The results suggested that phenotype-based core collection can retain diversity and genetic variability of vegetable soybeans, providing a basis for further research and breeding programs.
毛豆[（L.）Merr.]具有种子较大、豆腥味较轻、质地鲜嫩、豆荚和种子呈绿色的特点。毛豆营养丰富，有助于预防神经系统疾病。由于饮食习惯的改变和健康意识的提高，对毛豆的需求增加。为了在台湾保存毛豆种质资源，我们构建了一个毛豆核心种质库，其具有最少的种质份数、最小的冗余度和最大的代表性。最初，共使用213份毛豆种质和29个形态性状来构建核心种质库。去除冗余种质后，保留200份种质作为整个种质库，并将其分为9个聚类。在此，我们开发了一种用于混合数量-质量性状的改良罗杰距离，以选择30份具有最大成对遗传距离的种质（称为核心种质库）。除株高外，整个种质库和核心种质库在所有表型性状上均未观察到显著差异（值>0.05）。与整个种质库相比，我们发现大多数性状保留了多样性，但核心种质库中有7个性状略有丢失（范围为2%至9%）。核心种质库显示出较小的显著平均差异百分比（3.45%）和较大的符合率（97.70%），表明其具有整个种质库的代表性。此外，变幅率（149.80%）和覆盖率（92.5%）的较大值与核心种质库中保留的高多样性一致。结果表明，基于表型的核心种质库能够保留毛豆的多样性和遗传变异性，为进一步的研究和育种计划提供了基础。
