Zheng Zhiwei, Lang Minjia, Wang Wei, Xiao Fengqiu, Guo Shuhan, Li Juan
Center on Aging Psychology, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Front Psychol. 2019 Jun 27;10:1477. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01477. eCollection 2019.
Normal aging is associated with the shift in motivational priorities from knowledge acquisition to emotion regulation. Current evidence indicates an age-related increase in preferences for positive over negative stimuli in true memory. In the present study, using the categorized pictures paradigm, we investigated whether older adults would exhibit a greater increase in false memory for positive versus negative lures, compared with young adults. We also examined the association of executive functioning with the preferences for positive over negative pictures in false recognition memory. A total of 27 young and 26 older adults studied emotional pictures from various categories during encoding and subsequently completed an old/new recognition test. In addition, all participants completed the executive functioning tests. The results revealed that both older and young adults showed higher rates of false recognition for positive pictures compared with negative pictures; no significant group by valence interaction was observed. Trail making scores were negatively correlated with positive processing preferences in false recognition rates in older but not young adults. These findings suggest that false recognition memory exhibits preferences toward positively valenced stimuli in both young and older adults. Cognitive control processes are necessary for older adults to distort memory in emotionally gratifying ways.
正常衰老与动机优先级从知识获取向情绪调节的转变有关。目前的证据表明，在真实记忆中，与年龄相关的对积极刺激而非消极刺激的偏好增加。在本研究中，我们使用分类图片范式，调查与年轻人相比，老年人对积极诱饵与消极诱饵的错误记忆是否会有更大的增加。我们还研究了执行功能与错误识别记忆中对积极图片而非消极图片的偏好之间的关联。共有27名年轻人和26名老年人在编码过程中研究了来自不同类别的情感图片，随后完成了一项旧/新识别测试。此外，所有参与者都完成了执行功能测试。结果显示，与消极图片相比，年轻人和老年人对积极图片的错误识别率都更高；未观察到显著的组间与效价交互作用。在老年人而非年轻人中，数字符号替换测验得分与错误识别率中的积极加工偏好呈负相关。这些发现表明，年轻人和老年人的错误识别记忆都表现出对正性效价刺激的偏好。认知控制过程对于老年人以情绪满足的方式扭曲记忆是必要的。
