Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Health Alliance International, Seattle, WA, USA.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2019 Dec;54(12):1519-1533. doi: 10.1007/s00127-019-01746-2. Epub 2019 Jul 17.
There is scant research on depressive symptoms (DS), suicidal ideation (SI), and mental health care-seeking in Mozambique.
Generalized estimating equations were used to assess factors associated with DS, SI, and mental health care-seeking among 3080 individuals interviewed in a representative household survey in Sofala and Manica provinces, Mozambique.
19% (CI 17-21%) of respondents reported DS in the past year and 17% (CI 15-18%) lifetime SI. Overall, only 10% (CI 8-11%) of respondents ever sought any care for mental illness, though 26% (CI 23-29%) of those reporting DS and/or SI sought care. 90% of those who sought care for DS received treatment; however, only 46% of those who sought care for SI received treatment. Factors associated with DS and SI include: female gender, divorced/separated, widowed, and > 55 years old. Respondents in the bottom wealth quintile reported lower DS, while those in upper wealth quintiles reported higher prevalence of SI. Individuals with DS or SI had significantly elevated measures of disability-especially in doing household chores, work/school activities, standing for long periods, and walking long distances. Factors associated with care-seeking include: female gender, rural residence, divorced/separated, and > 45 years old. Individuals in lower wealth quintiles and with no religious affiliation had lower odds of seeking care.
DS and SI are prevalent in central Mozambique and treatment gaps are high (68% and 89%, respectively). An urgent need exists for demand- and supply-side interventions to optimize the delivery of comprehensive community-based mental healthcare in Mozambique.
莫桑比克关于抑郁症状（DS）、自杀意念（SI）和心理健康寻求治疗的研究甚少。
使用广义估计方程评估了在莫桑比克索法拉省和马尼卡省进行的代表性家庭调查中 3080 名受访者中与 DS、SI 和心理健康寻求治疗相关的因素。
19%（CI 17-21%）的受访者在过去一年中报告有 DS，17%（CI 15-18%）有终身 SI。总体而言，只有 10%（CI 8-11%）的受访者曾因任何精神疾病寻求过任何治疗，但 26%（CI 23-29%）有 DS 和/或 SI 的受访者寻求过治疗。90%因 DS 寻求治疗的受访者接受了治疗；然而，只有 46%因 SI 寻求治疗的受访者接受了治疗。与 DS 和 SI 相关的因素包括：女性、离婚/分居、丧偶和年龄>55 岁。处于最底层的财富五分位数的受访者报告的 DS 较低，而处于上层财富五分位数的受访者报告的 SI 患病率较高。患有 DS 或 SI 的受访者残疾程度明显升高，尤其是在做家务、工作/学校活动、长时间站立和长距离行走方面。与寻求治疗相关的因素包括：女性、农村居住、离婚/分居和年龄>45 岁。处于较低财富五分位数和无宗教信仰的个人寻求治疗的可能性较低。
DS 和 SI 在莫桑比克中部很普遍，治疗差距很大（分别为 68%和 89%）。迫切需要采取需求方和供应方干预措施，以优化莫桑比克全面社区心理健康保健的提供。
