Rosenthal T C, Silverstein D A
State University of New York, Buffalo School of Medicine.
Postgrad Med. 1988 Jun;83(8):75-84. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1988.11700303.
Body temperature is monitored and regulated by the anterior hypothalamus, which acts as a thermostat by altering the balance of heat production and loss via the sympathetic nervous system. Fever results when the thermoregulatory set point in the hypothalamus is shifted upward. Fever is a part of the acute phase response, a generalized reaction to infection or inflammation initiated by interleukin-1 (IL-1). Prostaglandin E2 is the neural mediator of fever induced by IL-1, so fever can be suppressed by drugs that interfere with prostaglandin synthesis. Fever can be reduced by peripheral cooling, but the preferred method is treatment with antipyretic drugs. Although the host's response to infection is enhanced by small increases in body temperature, antipyretic treatment does not appear to interfere with recovery in humans.
体温由下丘脑前部监测和调节，下丘脑前部通过交感神经系统改变产热和散热的平衡，起到恒温器的作用。当下丘脑的体温调节设定点向上移动时，就会出现发热。发热是急性期反应的一部分，急性期反应是由白细胞介素-1（IL-1）引发的对感染或炎症的全身性反应。前列腺素E2是IL-1诱导发热的神经介质，因此可以通过干扰前列腺素合成的药物来抑制发热。通过外周冷却可以降低体温，但首选方法是使用退烧药治疗。虽然体温小幅升高会增强宿主对感染的反应，但退烧药治疗似乎并不影响人类的康复。
