Department of Occupational Therapy, Graduate Institute of Behavioral Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
J Neurotrauma. 2020 Jan 1;37(1):115-124. doi: 10.1089/neu.2018.6122. Epub 2019 Aug 14.
Individuals with a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) often have executive control deficits; however, the underlying neural mechanisms of such deficits are yet to be clarified. Inhibitory control and cognitive monitoring are two fundamental aspects of executive control processes. This study investigated the executive control of mTBI by using the Stop-signal task. Eighteen adults with mTBI and 18 age-, sex-, and education level-matched controls were recruited. Behavioral performance and event-related potential correlates of response inhibition and error processing were compared between groups. The mTBI group tended to have a lower probability of inhibition and a longer stop signal reaction time. N1 amplitude was greater on successful trials. Also on successful trials, N2 and P3 peaked earlier than on failed trials. The N2 amplitude of the mTBI group tended to be smaller than that of the controls. The control group had larger P3 amplitude on successful trials than on failed trials, whereas the mTBI group exhibited no P3 amplitudes difference between the two trial types. In addition, the mTBI group showed significantly longer error positivity latency than did the controls. These results suggest that inhibitory control and error processing were inefficient in the mTB group even more than three months after injury. Electrophysiological markers of cognitive dysfunction can be used as a sensitive tool for determining executive control after mTBI.
患有轻度创伤性脑损伤 (mTBI) 的个体通常存在执行控制缺陷；然而，这种缺陷的潜在神经机制尚不清楚。抑制控制和认知监控是执行控制过程的两个基本方面。本研究通过停止信号任务来研究 mTBI 的执行控制。招募了 18 名 mTBI 成年人和 18 名年龄、性别和教育程度匹配的对照组。比较了两组之间的反应抑制和错误处理的行为表现和事件相关电位相关性。mTBI 组的抑制概率较低，停止信号反应时间较长。在成功试验中，N1 振幅更大。同样在成功试验中，N2 和 P3 的峰值早于失败试验。mTBI 组的 N2 振幅倾向于小于对照组。对照组在成功试验中的 P3 振幅大于失败试验，而 mTBI 组在两种试验类型之间没有 P3 振幅差异。此外，mTBI 组的错误正性波潜伏期明显长于对照组。这些结果表明，即使在损伤后三个月以上，mTBI 组的抑制控制和错误处理效率仍然较低。认知功能障碍的电生理标志物可用作确定 mTBI 后执行控制的敏感工具。
