Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Department of Veterinary Science, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
J Feline Med Surg. 2020 Jun;22(6):544-556. doi: 10.1177/1098612X19862887. Epub 2019 Jul 19.
Feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) causes clinical signs such as stranguria, pollakiuria, haematuria, vocalisation and periuria, and is often associated with recurring episodes. The primary objective of this study was to survey the long-term course of cats presenting with FLUTD in terms of recurrence rate and mortality.
Data from cats that were presented with lower urinary tract signs from 2010 to 2013 were collected by telephone interview with cat owners, using a questionnaire. The observation period ranged from the first presentation due to FLUTD to the telephone interview or the cat's death. Data on diagnoses, recurrence of clinical signs and disease-free intervals, as well as implementation and impact of prophylactic measures (PMs), were collected and compared between groups with different aetiologies.
The study included 101 cats. Fifty-two cats were diagnosed with feline idiopathic cystitis, 21 with urolithiasis and 13 with bacterial urinary tract infection; 15 had no definitive diagnosis. Of the 86 cats with a known diagnosis, the recurrence rate was 58.1%, with no significant difference between groups. Twenty-one cats had one relapse, 12 had two relapses, 10 had three and seven had four to eight relapses within a median observation period of 38 months (range 0.5-138 months). Fourteen cats suffered from different causes of FLUTD at different episodes. Mortality due to FLUTD among all 101 cats was 5.0%. The recurrence rate in cats with urolithiasis receiving at least two PMs was significantly lower than the recurrence rate in those without PMs ( = 0.029).
More than half of the cats with FLUTD presented with two or more recurrent episodes irrespective of the identified aetiology. Cats should be thoroughly investigated at each presentation as it cannot be presumed that the cause of FLUTD is the same at different episodes. The mortality due to FLUTD is lower than previously reported.
猫下尿路疾病（FLUTD）导致排尿困难、多尿、血尿、发声和尿失禁等临床症状，且常反复发作。本研究的主要目的是调查出现 FLUTD 的猫的长期病程，包括复发率和死亡率。
通过电话访谈猫主人，使用问卷收集 2010 年至 2013 年因下尿路症状就诊的猫的数据。观察期从首次出现 FLUTD 到电话访谈或猫死亡。收集并比较不同病因组的诊断、临床症状复发和无病间隔、以及预防性措施（PMs）的实施和影响的数据。
该研究纳入了 101 只猫。52 只猫被诊断为特发性膀胱炎，21 只为尿石症，13 只为细菌性尿路感染；15 只猫无明确诊断。在已知诊断的 86 只猫中，复发率为 58.1%，组间无显著差异。21 只猫复发 1 次，12 只猫复发 2 次，10 只猫复发 3 次，7 只猫复发 4 至 8 次，中位观察期为 38 个月（范围 0.5-138 个月）。14 只猫在不同发作期患有不同病因的 FLUTD。101 只猫中因 FLUTD 死亡的猫有 5.0%。接受至少 2 次 PM 的尿石症猫的复发率明显低于未接受 PM 的猫（=0.029）。
超过一半的 FLUTD 猫出现 2 次或以上复发，不论病因如何。每次就诊时都应彻底检查猫，因为不能假定 FLUTD 的病因在不同发作期是相同的。FLUTD 的死亡率低于先前的报告。
