Cardiovascular Department and Research Center of Baruch Padeh Medical Center, Poriya, Tiberias, Israel.
The Academic College at Wingate, Wingate Institute, Netanya, Israel.
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2019 Sep 1;317(3):H487-H495. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00242.2019. Epub 2019 Jul 19.
Female athletes display a high prevalence of hypothalamic amenorrhea as a result of energy imbalance. In these athletes with amenorrhea, decreased luteinizing hormone/follicule-stimulating hormone secretion leads to deficiency in endogenous estrogen. The severe estrogen deficiency in these athletes may increase cardiovascular risk similar to that in postmenopausal women. This review discusses the potential cardiovascular risk factors in athletes with amenorrhea as a result of hypoestrogenism, which include endothelial dysfunction and unfavorable lipid profiles. We also consider the potential to reverse the cardiovascular risk by restoring energy or hormonal imbalance along the reproductive axis in athletes with amenorrhea.
由于能量失衡，女性运动员中普遍存在下丘脑性闭经。在这些闭经的运动员中，促黄体生成素/卵泡刺激素分泌减少导致内源性雌激素缺乏。这些运动员严重的雌激素缺乏可能会增加心血管风险，类似于绝经后妇女。本文讨论了由于低雌激素导致的闭经运动员的潜在心血管危险因素，包括内皮功能障碍和不利的血脂谱。我们还考虑了通过恢复能量或生殖轴上的激素失衡来逆转闭经运动员的心血管风险的可能性。
