Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Molecules. 2019 Jul 18;24(14):2621. doi: 10.3390/molecules24142621.
Blueberry pomace is abundant in anthocyanins. This work characterized the anthocyanins in blueberry pomace, discussed the stability of anthocyanins under ultrasound treatment, and compared the extraction conditions for different anthocyanin compositions. Thirteen anthocyanins were identified, and malvidin-3-galactoside (18.56%), which represented the most abundant anthocyanin, was selected as the individual analyte. The general linear model univariate analysis revealed that ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) resulted in higher recoveries of both total anthocyanins (TA) and individual anthocyanins (IA) when compared with conventional solvent extraction. The optimized extraction conditions for TA and IA were UAE in pure methanol (12.49 mg/g dry weight) at 25 °C for 30 min and UAE in 70% ethanol (3.57 mg/g dry weight) at 40 °C for 40 min, respectively. Moreover, IA was more vulnerable to degradation compared with TA. Therefore, a specific extraction process of IA is significant for monomer preparation, and harsh conditions should be avoided in UAE.
蓝莓渣富含花色苷。本工作对蓝莓渣中的花色苷进行了特征描述，探讨了花色苷在超声处理下的稳定性，并比较了不同花色苷成分的提取条件。鉴定出 13 种花色苷，其中以矢车菊素-3-半乳糖苷（18.56%）为最丰富的花色苷。单变量一般线性模型分析表明，与传统溶剂提取相比，超声辅助提取（UAE）可提高总花色苷（TA）和各花色苷（IA）的回收率。TA 和 IA 的最佳提取条件分别为在纯甲醇中 25°C 下 UAE 30 分钟（12.49mg/g 干重）和在 70%乙醇中 40°C 下 UAE 40 分钟（3.57mg/g 干重）。此外，IA 比 TA 更容易降解。因此，对于单体制备而言，IA 的特定提取工艺很重要，应避免在 UAE 中采用苛刻的条件。
