National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan,.
Department of Pharmacology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 216-8511, Japan.
Nutrients. 2019 Jul 9;11(7):1546. doi: 10.3390/nu11071546.
Accurate assessments of a target population's energy intake (EI) are essential to prevent poor nutritional status. However, self-reported dietary records (DRs) or food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) are not always accurate, thereby requiring validation and calibration studies. This study aimed to validate the EI estimated by a FFQ using the doubly labeled water (DLW) method. Participants were 109 Japanese older adults (50 women and 59 men) aged 65-88 years. The EI was obtained by a DR and 47-item FFQ over 1 year. The total energy expenditure (TEE) was measured by DLW for ~2 weeks. EI was significantly lower than TEE ( < 0.01); ratios of EI assessed by DR and FFQ against TEE were 0.91 ± 0.17 and 0.82 ± 0.22, respectively. TEE was significantly and moderately correlated with the EI estimated by the DR ( = 0.45, < 0.01) and FFQ ( = 0.37, < 0.01). Furthermore, the EI correlation coefficients estimated by DR and the FFQ in this study were not significantly different ( = 0.46). The EI/TEE ratio was significantly and negatively correlated with the body mass index (BMI). In conclusion, EI estimated with a DR or FFQ modestly correlated with TEE, and calibrating EI with a developed equation in this study can attenuate the underestimation of EI.
准确评估目标人群的能量摄入 (EI) 对于预防营养不良至关重要。然而，自我报告的饮食记录 (DR) 或食物频率问卷 (FFQ) 并不总是准确的，因此需要验证和校准研究。本研究旨在使用双标水 (DLW) 法验证 FFQ 估算的 EI。参与者为 109 名年龄在 65-88 岁的日本老年人（50 名女性和 59 名男性）。通过 DR 和 47 项 FFQ 在一年内获得 EI。通过 DLW 测量约 2 周的总能量消耗 (TEE)。EI 明显低于 TEE（<0.01）；DR 和 FFQ 评估的 EI 与 TEE 的比值分别为 0.91±0.17 和 0.82±0.22。TEE 与 DR（=0.45，<0.01）和 FFQ（=0.37，<0.01）估算的 EI 呈显著中度相关。此外，DR 和 FFQ 估算的 EI 相关系数在本研究中无显著差异（=0.46）。EI/TEE 比值与体重指数 (BMI) 呈显著负相关。总之，DR 或 FFQ 估算的 EI 与 TEE 中度相关，本研究中使用开发的方程校准 EI 可以减轻 EI 的低估。
