Pichardo Andrew W, Oliver Jon L, Harrison Craig B, Maulder Peter S, Lloyd Rhodri S, Kandoi Rohan
Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), AUT Millennium, Auckland University of Technology, 17 Antares Place, Rosedale, Auckland 0632, New Zealand.
Youth Physical Development Centre, School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cyncoed Campus, Cyncoed Road, Cardiff CF23 6XD, UK.
Sports (Basel). 2019 Jul 9;7(7):168. doi: 10.3390/sports7070168.
This study aimed to examine the extent to which maturity offset, strength, and movement competency influences motor skill performance in adolescent boys. One hundred and eight secondary school boys completed anthropometric and physical testing on two non-consecutive days for the following variables: Maturity offset, isometric mid-thigh pull absolute (IMTP) and relative (IMTP) peak force, resistance training skills quotient, 10-, 20-, and 30-m sprint time, countermovement jump height, horizontal jump distance, anaerobic endurance performance, and seated medicine ball throw (SMBT). The IMTP displayed significant small to large correlations with all performance variables ( = 0.27-0.61), whereas maturity offset was significantly correlated with IMTP ( = 0.69), sprint ( = 0.29-0.33), jump ( = 0.23-0.34), and SMBT ( = 0.32). Absolute and relative strength were the strongest predictors of all performance variables and combined with maturity to explain 21%-76% of the variance. Low and average relative strength boys were nearly eight times (odds ratio: 7.80, confidence interval: 1.48-41.12, < 0.05) and nearly four times (odds ratio: 3.86, confidence interval: 0.95-15.59, < 0.05) more likely to be classified as lower competency compared to high relative strength boys. Relative strength has more influence on motor skill performance than maturity when compared with movement competency.
本研究旨在探讨成熟度偏移、力量和运动能力对青春期男孩运动技能表现的影响程度。108名中学男生在两个非连续的日子里完成了人体测量和体能测试，测试变量包括：成熟度偏移、等长中大腿拉力绝对值（IMTP）和相对值（IMTP）峰值力、阻力训练技能商数、10米、20米和30米短跑时间、反向纵跳高度、立定跳远距离、无氧耐力表现以及坐姿药球投掷（SMBT）。IMTP与所有表现变量呈现出显著的小到中等程度的相关性（= 0.27 - 0.61），而成熟度偏移与IMTP（= 0.69）、短跑（= 0.29 - 0.33）、跳跃（= 0.23 - 0.34）和SMBT（= 0.32）显著相关。绝对力量和相对力量是所有表现变量的最强预测因素，与成熟度相结合可解释21% - 76%的方差。与高相对力量的男孩相比，低和中等相对力量的男孩被归类为低能力的可能性分别高出近八倍（优势比：7.80，置信区间：1.48 - 41.12，< 0.05）和近四倍（优势比：3.86，置信区间：0.95 - 15.59，< 0.05）。与运动能力相比，相对力量对运动技能表现的影响比成熟度更大。
