Smith Jordan J, DeMarco Matthew, Kennedy Sarah G, Kelson Mark, Barnett Lisa M, Faigenbaum Avery D, Lubans David R
a Priority Research Center for Physical Activity and Nutrition , University of Newcastle , Callaghan , New South Wales , Australia.
b Faculty of Medicine , Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston , South Carolina , USA.
J Sports Sci. 2018 Jun;36(11):1241-1249. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2017.1370822. Epub 2017 Aug 23.
The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence and correlates of adolescents' resistance training (RT) skill competence. Participants were 548 adolescents (14.1 ± 0.5 years) from 16 schools in New South Wales, Australia. RT skills were assessed using the Resistance Training Skills Battery. Demographics, BMI, muscular fitness, perceived strength, RT self-efficacy, and motivation for RT were also assessed. The proportion demonstrating "competence" and "near competence" in each of the six RT skills were calculated and sex differences explored. Associations between the combined RT skill score and potential correlates were examined using multi-level linear mixed models. Overall, the prevalence of competence was low (range = 3.3% to 27.9%). Females outperformed males on the squat, lunge and overhead press, whereas males performed better on the push-up (p < .05). Significant associations were seen for a number of correlates, which largely differed by sex. Muscular fitness was moderately and positively associated with RT skills among both males (β = 0.34, 95%CIs = 0.23 to 0.46) and females (β = 0.36, 95%CIs = 0.23 to 0.48). Our findings support a link between RT skills and muscular fitness. Other associations were statistically significant but small in magnitude, and should therefore be interpreted cautiously.
本研究旨在探讨青少年抗阻训练（RT）技能水平的流行情况及其相关因素。研究对象为来自澳大利亚新南威尔士州16所学校的548名青少年（14.1±0.5岁）。使用抗阻训练技能量表评估RT技能。同时还评估了人口统计学特征、体重指数（BMI）、肌肉适能、感知力量、RT自我效能感以及RT动机。计算了六项RT技能中表现出“胜任”和“接近胜任”的比例，并探讨了性别差异。使用多层次线性混合模型检验了综合RT技能得分与潜在相关因素之间的关联。总体而言，胜任水平较低（范围为3.3%至27.9%）。在深蹲、弓步蹲和卧推方面，女性表现优于男性，而男性在俯卧撑方面表现更好（p<0.05）。在一些相关因素方面存在显著关联，且在很大程度上因性别而异。肌肉适能与男性（β=0.34，95%置信区间=0.23至0.46）和女性（β=0.36，95%置信区间=0.23至0.48）的RT技能均呈中度正相关。我们的研究结果支持RT技能与肌肉适能之间存在联系。其他关联在统计学上具有显著性，但效应量较小，因此应谨慎解读。
