Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.
Independent Scientist.
BJOG. 2020 Jan;127(2):129-137. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.15882. Epub 2019 Aug 18.
The hologenome concept of evolution is discussed, with special emphasis placed upon the microbiome of women. The microbiome is dynamic, changing under different conditions, and differs between women and men. Genetic variation occurs not only in the host, but also in the microbiome by the acquisition of novel microbes, the amplification of specific microbes, and horizontal gene transfer. The majority of unique genes in human holobionts are found in microbiomes, and mothers are responsible for transferring most of these to their offspring during birth, breastfeeding, and physical contact. Thus, mothers are likely to be the primary providers of the majority of genetic information to offspring via mitochondria and the microbiome. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: Microbiomes differ between women and men. Most genes in humans are in the microbiome. Mothers transfer most of these genes to offspring.
探讨了后生生物全基因组的进化概念，特别强调了女性微生物组。微生物组是动态的，在不同条件下会发生变化，并且在女性和男性之间存在差异。遗传变异不仅发生在宿主中，还发生在微生物组中，通过获得新的微生物、扩增特定的微生物和水平基因转移。人类全生物共生体中的大多数独特基因都存在于微生物组中，母亲在分娩、母乳喂养和身体接触期间将这些基因中的大部分传递给后代。因此，母亲很可能通过线粒体和微生物组成为后代提供大多数遗传信息的主要提供者。可推文摘要：微生物组在女性和男性之间存在差异。人类的大多数基因都在微生物组中。母亲将这些基因中的大部分传递给后代。
