Ciuha Urša, Tobita Kunihito, McDonnell Adam C, Mekjavic Igor B
Department of Automation, Biocybernetics and Robotics, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Department of Automation, Biocybernetics and Robotics, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Department of Sustainable System Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
Physiol Behav. 2019 Oct 15;210:112623. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112623. Epub 2019 Jul 17.
The present study tested the hypothesis that at any given ambient temperature (Ta), thermal comfort (TC) is not only a function of the temperature per se, but is also influenced by the temperatures rate of change and direction.
Twelve healthy young (age: 23 ± 3) male participants completed experimental trials where Ta increased from 15° to 40 °C (heating) and then decreased from 40 to 15 °C (cooling). In one trial (FAST), the rate of change in Ta was maintained at 1 °C.min, and in the other (SLOW) at 0.5 °C.min. During each trial participants provided ratings of TC at 3-min intervals to determine their thermal comfort zone (TCZ).
In the FAST trial, participants identified TCZ at an Ta between 22 ± 4 and 30 ± 4 °C during heating and between 25 ± 3 and 33 ± 3 °C during cooling phase (p = .003), and in the SLOW trial between 21 ± 3 and 33 ± 4 °C during heating and between 23 ± 4 and 34 ± 3 °C during cooling phase (p = .012). During the heating phase TCZ was established at a lower range of Ta, compared to cooling phase. The difference between the heating and cooling phases in preferred range of Ta was more pronounced in the FAST compared to SLOW trial.
TCZ is influenced not only by the prevailing temperature, but also by the direction and the rate of the change in Ta. Faster changes in Ta (1 °C.min) established the TCZ at a higher Ta during cooling and at a lower Ta during heating phase.
本研究检验了以下假设，即在任何给定的环境温度（Ta）下，热舒适度（TC）不仅是温度本身的函数，还受温度变化率和变化方向的影响。
12名健康的年轻男性参与者（年龄：23±3岁）完成了实验，其中Ta从15°C升至40°C（升温），然后从40°C降至15°C（降温）。在一次试验（快速）中，Ta的变化率保持在1°C/分钟，在另一次试验（慢速）中保持在0.5°C/分钟。在每次试验期间，参与者每隔3分钟对热舒适度进行评分，以确定其热舒适区（TCZ）。
在快速试验中，参与者在升温阶段确定的热舒适区为Ta在22±4至30±4°C之间，降温阶段为25±3至33±3°C之间（p=0.003）；在慢速试验中，升温阶段为21±3至33±4°C之间，降温阶段为23±4至34±3°C之间（p=0.012）。与降温阶段相比，升温阶段热舒适区的Ta范围更低。与慢速试验相比，快速试验中Ta偏好范围的升温和降温阶段差异更明显。
热舒适区不仅受当前温度影响，还受Ta的变化方向和变化率影响。Ta更快的变化（1°C/分钟）在降温阶段使热舒适区处于较高的Ta，在升温阶段处于较低的Ta。
