Departament of Pathology, Medical School, University of Valencia - INCLIVA Biomedical Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain.
Departament of Pathology, Medical School, University of Valencia - INCLIVA Biomedical Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain.
Cancer Lett. 2019 Oct 1;461:112-122. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.07.010. Epub 2019 Jul 17.
Cancer cells all share the feature of being immersed in a complex environment with altered cell-cell/cell-extracellular element communication, physicochemical information, and tissue functions. The so-called tumour microenvironment (TME) is becoming recognised as a key factor in the genesis, progression and treatment of cancer lesions. Beyond genetic mutations, the existence of a malignant microenvironment forms the basis for a new perspective in cancer biology where connections at the system level are fundamental. From this standpoint, different aspects of tumour lesions such as morphology, aggressiveness, prognosis and treatment response can be considered under an integrated vision, giving rise to a new field of study and clinical management. Nowadays, somatic mutation theory is complemented with study of TME components such as the extracellular matrix, immune compartment, stromal cells, metabolism and biophysical forces. In this review we examine recent studies in this area and complement them with our own research data to propose a classification of stromal changes. Exploring these avenues and gaining insight into malignant phenotype remodelling, could reveal better ways to characterize this disease and its potential treatment.
癌细胞都具有浸润在一个复杂环境中的特点，该环境中的细胞-细胞/细胞-细胞外基质的通讯、物理化学信息和组织功能发生了改变。所谓的肿瘤微环境（TME）正被认为是癌症病变发生、发展和治疗的关键因素。除了遗传突变，恶性微环境的存在为癌症生物学中的一个新视角奠定了基础，其中系统水平的联系是基础。从这个角度来看，肿瘤病变的不同方面，如形态、侵袭性、预后和治疗反应，可以在一个综合的视角下进行考虑，从而产生一个新的研究和临床管理领域。如今，体细胞突变理论与 TME 成分（如细胞外基质、免疫成分、基质细胞、代谢和生物物理力）的研究相辅相成。在这篇综述中，我们研究了该领域的最新研究，并结合我们自己的研究数据提出了一种基质变化的分类。探索这些途径并深入了解恶性表型重塑，可能会揭示更好的方法来描述这种疾病及其潜在的治疗方法。
