Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
Eat Behav. 2019 Aug;34:101309. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2019.101309. Epub 2019 Jul 6.
Restrained eaters tend to sustain a restriction in caloric intake to lose or maintain body weight; however, only a few restrained eaters can achieve the goal of restricting their caloric intake to lose or maintain body weight. Those who are effective restrained eaters habitually adhere to their intentions to avoid eating certain palatable foods, whereas those who are ineffective restrained eaters are generally unable to translate their intentions into behavior. To restrain eating regardless of temptation, an individual must first identify potential conflicts between achieving restrained eating and temptation to eat. Regarding food selections, the association between a lack of conflict between temptation, eating enjoyment, and weight loss or maintenance goals and the failure of restriction of caloric intake remains unknown. The present study used an eye-tracking technique to assess the degree of conflict experienced by effective and ineffective restrained eaters during food choice. Participants were required to choose between pairs of high- and low-calorie foods. The results showed that choosing the low-calorie food was associated with the experience of more conflict, measured by longer response times and more gaze switches, than choosing the high-calorie food. Ineffective restrained eaters experienced less conflict, exhibiting shorter response times and fewer gaze switches, than did effective restrained eaters, which suggests that a failure to restrain eating might be associated with a lack of experience of conflict.
克制型进食者倾向于限制卡路里摄入以减轻或维持体重；然而，只有少数克制型进食者能够实现限制卡路里摄入以减轻或维持体重的目标。那些有效的克制型进食者习惯性地坚持自己的意图，避免食用某些美味的食物，而那些无效的克制型进食者通常无法将自己的意图转化为行为。为了在诱惑面前克制进食，个体必须首先识别出实现克制进食和抵御进食诱惑之间的潜在冲突。关于食物选择，在缺乏冲突的情况下，进食享受与减轻或维持体重目标之间的关联以及热量摄入限制的失败仍不清楚。本研究使用眼动追踪技术评估有效和无效克制型进食者在食物选择过程中经历的冲突程度。参与者被要求在高卡路里和低卡路里食物的成对之间做出选择。结果表明，与选择高卡路里食物相比，选择低卡路里食物会导致更多的冲突体验，表现为更长的反应时间和更多的注视切换。无效的克制型进食者经历的冲突较少，表现为反应时间更短和注视切换更少，这表明无法克制进食可能与缺乏冲突体验有关。
