Fimmel Elena, Strüngmann Lutz
Institute of Mathematical Biology, Faculty for Computer Sciences, and Competence Center for Algorithmic and Mathematical Methods in Biology, Biotechnology and Medicine, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, 68163 Mannheim, Germany.
Biosystems. 2019 Oct;184:103990. doi: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2019.103990. Epub 2019 Jul 18.
The origin of the genetic code can certainly be regarded as one of the most challenging problems in the theory of molecular evolution. Thus the known variants of the genetic code and a possible common ancestry of them haven been studied extensively in the literature. Gonzalez et al. (2012) developed the theory of a primeval mitochondrial genetic code composed of four base codons. These were called tesserae and it was shown that the tesserae code has some remarkable error detection capabilities. In our paper we will show that using classical coding theory we can construct the tessera code as a linear coding of the standard genetic code and at the same time it can be deduced from the code of all dinucleotides by Plotkin's construction. It shows that the tessera model of the mitochondrial code does not just have a biological explanation but also has a clear mathematical structure. This underlines the role that the tessera model might have played in evolution.
遗传密码的起源无疑可被视为分子进化理论中最具挑战性的问题之一。因此，遗传密码的已知变体及其可能的共同祖先在文献中已得到广泛研究。冈萨雷斯等人（2012年）提出了由四个碱基密码子组成的原始线粒体遗传密码理论。这些被称为镶嵌块，研究表明镶嵌块密码具有一些显著的错误检测能力。在我们的论文中，我们将表明，运用经典编码理论，我们可以将镶嵌块密码构建为标准遗传密码的线性编码，同时它可以通过普洛特金构造从所有二核苷酸的编码推导得出。这表明线粒体密码的镶嵌块模型不仅有生物学解释，而且具有清晰的数学结构。这凸显了镶嵌块模型在进化过程中可能发挥的作用。
