Sonne James W H
School of Kinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
Health and Public Affairs I, UCF, Office 256, 12805 Pegasus Dr., Orlando, FL, 32816-2205, USA.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2020 Jan;42(1):87-90. doi: 10.1007/s00276-019-02293-w. Epub 2019 Jul 20.
Sternalis muscle is an uncommon muscle head attaching between the sternoclavicular joint superiorly and the costal cartilage near the xiphoid process.
In this study, 36 cadavers (18 male, 18 female) were obtained through the Anatomical Board of the State of Florida and complete, routine musculoskeletal dissection was performed while adhering to all relevant laws and practices.
Two examples of the sternalis muscle belly (5%) were identified, one in a black male and one a white female. The sternalis muscles were bilateral in both cases and each was formed of a single muscle belly. The superior attachments were continuous with the sternal attachment of sternocleidomastoid, and the inferior attachments connected to the costal cartilages. Sternalis did not cross the midline and the T2-T5 anterior intercostal neurovasculature associated closely with the muscle belly. In the female, a well-formed unilateral chondrocoracoideus muscle was apparent with a branch from the medial pectoral nerve closely associated on the deep surface. No other abnormalities in the chest, axilla, or brachial plexus were noted on either cadaver, and the pectoralis major and minor muscles were normally formed and innervated in both cases.
This study supports other evidence in the literature that indicates the sternalis muscle has an average prevalence in the population of approximately 5%, and it appears across race and sex. Education about this structure is important for radiologists, surgeons, and doctors of physical therapy that may be involved in treatment and post-surgical rehabilitation of this region.
胸骨肌是一块不常见的肌腹，其上端附着于胸锁关节，下端附着于剑突附近的肋软骨。
本研究通过佛罗里达州解剖委员会获取了36具尸体（18例男性，18例女性），并在遵守所有相关法律法规和操作规范的前提下进行了完整的常规肌肉骨骼解剖。
发现了2例胸骨肌肌腹（占5%），1例为黑人男性，1例为白人女性。两例均为双侧胸骨肌，且每例均由单一肌腹构成。上端附着点与胸锁乳突肌的胸骨附着点相连，下端附着点与肋软骨相连。胸骨肌未跨越中线，且T2 - T5肋间前神经血管束与肌腹紧密相连。在女性尸体中，可见一块发育良好的单侧软骨喙突肌，胸内侧神经的一个分支在其深面紧密相连。两具尸体的胸部、腋窝或臂丛神经均未发现其他异常，且胸大肌和胸小肌在两例中均正常形成并接受神经支配。
本研究支持文献中的其他证据，表明胸骨肌在人群中的平均发生率约为5%，且在不同种族和性别中均有出现。对于可能参与该区域治疗和术后康复的放射科医生、外科医生和物理治疗医生来说，了解这种结构很重要。
