College of Natural and Health Sciences, Department of Psychology, Zayed University , Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Account Res. 2020 Jul;27(5):247-255. doi: 10.1080/08989621.2019.1646645. Epub 2019 Jul 30.
Academic dishonesty has been identified as a significant problem for tertiary educational institutions in the Arab World and beyond. This study aimed to test the efficacy of mobile eye-tracking technology as a means of detecting instances of academic dishonesty during a closed-book exam. Participants were thirty ( = 30) college students attending a university in the United Arab Emirates. Two faculty members were recruited as proctors, and three student participants acted as cheats in the mock examination situation, while wearing mobile eye-tracking devices (eye-tracking glasses). Eye-tracking observations were recorded, replayed and analyzed, with the data and visualizations from each eye movement being captured at 30 millisecond intervals. The findings were independently coded for each instance of suspected academic dishonesty. Inter-rater reliability was established, and the detections were shared with the pseudo-cheats (participating students). The cheating instance detection rate was 100% using two independent observers. Every attempt at cheating, for example, looking at another student's exam, was successfully detected the observers independently watching the exam footage captured from the eye-tracking glasses. This unique study is, to the best of our knowledge, the first to explore the exploitation of mobile eye-tracking technology in the context of academic integrity promotion.
学术不端行为已被确定为阿拉伯世界及其他地区高等教育机构的一个重大问题。本研究旨在测试使用移动眼动追踪技术在闭卷考试中检测学术不端行为的效果。参与者为 30 名在阿拉伯联合酋长国大学就读的大学生。招募了两名教师作为监考员，三名学生参与者在模拟考试情境中作弊，同时佩戴移动眼动追踪设备（眼动追踪眼镜）。记录、重放和分析眼动观察结果，以 30 毫秒的间隔捕获每个眼球运动的数据和可视化结果。对每个疑似学术不端行为的实例进行独立编码。建立了评分者间可靠性，并与伪作弊者（参与学生）共享检测结果。使用两名独立观察员，作弊行为的检测率达到了 100%。例如，观察者独立观看从眼动追踪眼镜捕获的考试录像，成功地检测到每一次作弊企图，例如看其他学生的考试。就我们所知，这项独特的研究是首次探索在学术诚信促进背景下利用移动眼动追踪技术。
