Food, Nutrition and Obesity Policy Research Program, RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
Centre for Social Research, Chancellor College, University of Malawi, Zomba, Malawi.
Public Health Nutr. 2019 Dec;22(17):3127-3139. doi: 10.1017/S1368980019001733. Epub 2019 Jul 22.
To investigate preferences for and ease-of-use perceptions of different aspects of printed and digitally displayed photographic portion-size estimation aids (PSEA) in a low-resource setting and to document accuracy of portion-size selections using PSEA with different visual characteristics.
A convergent mixed-methods design and stepwise approach were used to assess characteristics of interest in isolation. Participants served themselves food and water, which were weighed before and after consumption to measure leftovers and quantity consumed. Thirty minutes later, data collectors administered a meal recall using a PSEA and then a semi-structured interview.
Blantyre and Chikwawa Districts in the southern region of Malawi.
Ninety-six women, aged 18-45 years.
Preferences and ease-of-use perceptions favoured photographs rather than drawings of shapes, three and five portion-size options rather than three with four virtual portion-size options, a 45° rather than a 90° photograph angle, and simultaneous rather than sequential presentation of portion-size options. Approximately half to three-quarters of participants found the portion-size options represented appropriate amounts of foods or water consumed. Photographs with three portion sizes resulted in more accurate portion-size selections (closest to measured consumption) than other format and number of portion-size option combinations. A 45° angle and simultaneous presentation were more accurate than a 90° angle and sequential presentation of images.
Results from testing PSEA visual characteristics separately can be used to generate optimal PSEA, which can improve participants' experiences during meal recalls.
在资源匮乏的环境下，调查人们对印刷和数字显示照片分量估计辅助工具（PSEA）不同方面的偏好和易用性感知，并记录使用具有不同视觉特征的 PSEA 进行分量选择的准确性。
采用集中混合方法设计和逐步方法，分别评估各个感兴趣的特征。参与者自行取食和饮水，在食用前后称重，以测量剩余食物量和消耗量。30 分钟后，数据收集员使用 PSEA 进行膳食回忆，然后进行半结构化访谈。
马拉维南部的布兰太尔和奇克瓦瓦地区。
96 名年龄在 18-45 岁之间的女性。
偏好和易用性感知方面，参与者更喜欢照片而不是形状的绘图，更喜欢三到五个分量选项，而不是三个带有四个虚拟分量选项，更喜欢 45°而不是 90°的照片角度，更喜欢同时而不是顺序呈现分量选项。大约一半到四分之三的参与者认为分量选项代表了他们所食用的食物或水的适当量。与其他格式和数量的分量选项组合相比，具有三个分量的照片导致更准确的分量选择（最接近实际消耗量）。45°角和同时呈现比 90°角和顺序呈现图像更准确。
单独测试 PSEA 视觉特征的结果可用于生成最佳 PSEA，这可以改善参与者在膳食回忆期间的体验。
