Department of Anaesthesia and Surgical Intensive Care, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
Department of General Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
Singapore Med J. 2019 Dec;60(12):631-636. doi: 10.11622/smedj.2019082. Epub 2019 Jul 22.
We aimed to report the ten-year incidence and trend of sharps injuries and splash exposures (SISE), and analyse the causative instruments and risk factors leading to these injuries to identify potential areas of improvement.
A retrospective review of self-reported SISE incidents from 2005 to 2014 was conducted in Singapore General Hospital. Data was extracted from the electronic database of the Department of Infection Prevention and Control. Incidence of SISE was calculated per 1,000 healthcare workers (HCWs) per year.
Over the ten-year period, a total of 1,901 SISE were reported. The average SISE incidence per year was 110.5 per 1,000 doctors and 22.8 per 1,000 nursing staff, with an overall incidence of 28.9 per 1,000 HCWs. The incidence of SISE decreased from 30.3 to 22.0 per 1,000 HCWs per year from 2005 to 2014, while that for splash exposures increased from 1.9 to 3.7 per 1,000 HCWs per year. Doctors reported the highest number of SISE (43.7%), followed by nurses (37.7%). Top mechanisms of injury were intraoperative procedures (22.8%), drawing blood (14.4%) and splash exposures (13.7%).
Overall incidence of SISE decreased over the decade. Improved training and increasing use of safety devices, education and awareness could have contributed to the fall in incidence of sharps injuries; these measures should be reinforced and continued. However, the incidence of splash exposures increased over the same period. Preventive measures such as the use of protective goggles and face shields, together with personal protective equipment, should be emphasised and encouraged.
本研究旨在报告新加坡某医院十年来锐器伤和喷溅暴露（SISE）的发生率和趋势，并分析导致这些伤害的原因和危险因素，以确定潜在的改进领域。
对新加坡综合医院 2005 年至 2014 年期间发生的自我报告的锐器伤和喷溅暴露事件进行回顾性研究。数据从感染预防和控制部门的电子数据库中提取。每年每千名医护人员（HCWs）的锐器伤发生率进行计算。
在十年期间，共报告了 1901 例锐器伤。每年每千名医生的平均锐器伤发生率为 110.5 例，每千名护士的发生率为 22.8 例，整体 HCWs 的发生率为 28.9 例。2005 年至 2014 年，锐器伤的发生率从每年每千名 HCWs 30.3 例降至 22.0 例，而喷溅暴露的发生率从每年每千名 HCWs 1.9 例增至 3.7 例。医生报告的锐器伤数量最多（43.7%），其次是护士（37.7%）。受伤的主要机制是手术过程（22.8%）、采血（14.4%）和喷溅暴露（13.7%）。
在过去十年中，锐器伤的总发生率有所下降。培训和安全装置的使用增加、教育和意识的提高可能导致锐器伤发生率下降；应加强和继续采取这些措施。然而，在此期间喷溅暴露的发生率有所上升。应强调和鼓励使用防护眼镜和面罩以及个人防护设备等预防措施。
