School of Dentistry, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay.
School of Engineering Bernard Polak, ORT University Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Acta Odontol Scand. 2020 Jan;78(1):26-30. doi: 10.1080/00016357.2019.1642514. Epub 2019 Jul 22.
This study investigates the association between the prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis, the socio-economic status (SES) and area of residence among 12-year-old schoolchildren in Uruguay. The study was descriptive, cross-sectional, explanatory and observational. Subjects considered eligible were born in 1999 and had their parents' or guardian's prior consent. A questionnaire was used to identify SES according to Centro de Investigaciones Económicas Institute on four levels. Dental fluorosis was determined using the Thylstrup-Fejerskov (TF) index. Of the 1544 students examined, 45.0% showed dental fluorosis. A TF index 1-2 was recorded in 29.3% of the subjects, TF 3 in 20.9%, TF 4 in 6.7% and TF 5-9 in 2.1%. In area 1 (the capital Montevideo city), 84.8% of the subjects had dental fluorosis, a value that was significantly higher than in the inland region (area 2, 24.4%) and border departments (area 3, 22.5%) ( = 27.92, < .0001). Students from families with a low socio-economic level showed less prevalence of dental fluorosis than those with a high level ( = 14.58, = .002). Significant differences exist in the prevalence of dental fluorosis in relation to place of residence and socio-economic level.
本研究调查了乌拉圭 12 岁学童的氟斑牙患病率和严重程度、社会经济地位（SES）和居住地之间的关系。该研究为描述性、横断面、解释性和观察性研究。符合条件的受试者于 1999 年出生，且其父母或监护人事先同意。采用问卷根据 Centro de Investigaciones Económicas 研究所的标准确定 SES，共分为四个等级。氟斑牙采用 Thylstrup-Fejerskov（TF）指数进行判断。在接受检查的 1544 名学生中，45.0%的学生患有氟斑牙。29.3%的受试者 TF 指数为 1-2，20.9%的受试者 TF 指数为 3，6.7%的受试者 TF 指数为 4，2.1%的受试者 TF 指数为 5-9。在第 1 区（首都蒙得维的亚市），84.8%的受试者患有氟斑牙，这一数值明显高于内陆地区（第 2 区，24.4%）和边境地区（第 3 区，22.5%）（ = 27.92， < .0001）。来自社会经济水平较低家庭的学生比来自社会经济水平较高家庭的学生氟斑牙患病率低（ = 14.58， = .002）。氟斑牙的患病率与居住地和社会经济水平存在显著差异。
