Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
Poult Sci. 2019 Sep 1;98(9):3523-3532. doi: 10.3382/ps/pez186.
The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of dietary graded raw potato starch (RPS) levels on growth performance, plasma cytokines concentration, ileal barrier function, and cecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentration in meat ducks from 1 to 35 D of age. This study included 2 experiments. In experiment (Exp.) 1, sixteen 35-day-old meat ducks were used to evaluate the AME of RPS by orogastric administration. Results showed the AME value of RPS on ducks is 2.76 kcal/g. In Exp. 2, a total of 600 one-day-old ducklings were randomly assigned to 5 isonitrogenous and isoenergetic dietary treatments that included 0 (control), 6, 12, 18, and 24% RPS, respectively. Samples were collected at both of 14 and 35 D. Neither growth performance nor ileal parameters (length, weight, and pH) at both of 14 and 35 D was affected by dietary RPS. However, the mucosal thickness (14 D), villus height (except for 18% RPS at 14 D), and the villus height: crypt depth ratio (14 and 35 D) of the ileum were increased in the 12 and 18% RPS diets when compared to 0% RPS diet. Meanwhile, proinflammatory factors such as plasma interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 (14 D) reduced in 12% RPS diet and tumor necrosis factor α decreased in 12% (except for 14 D) and 18% RPS groups. When compared with the control group, diets with 18% RPS significantly increased mucin 2 gene expression at 14 D, and 12% RPS elevated the mRNA expression of tight junction proteins including Zonula occludens-1 and Claudin 1 (except for 14 D) in the ileal mucosa of birds. Furthermore, ducks fed 12% RPS diet had higher concentrations of acetate, propionate, and butyrate in cecal digesta than other groups. These findings indicated that diets with 12 and/or 18% RPS increased the cecal SCFA concentration, which subsequently enhanced the barrier function and improved intestinal health in the ileum for 14 and 35-day-old meat ducks.
本研究旨在探讨饲粮中不同水平生马铃薯淀粉（RPS）对 1~35 日龄肉鸭生长性能、血浆细胞因子浓度、回肠屏障功能和盲肠短链脂肪酸（SCFA）浓度的影响。本研究包括 2 个试验。在试验 1 中，16 只 35 日龄肉鸭通过灌胃法评估 RPS 的表观代谢能值。结果表明，RPS 对肉鸭的表观代谢能值为 2.76 kcal/g。在试验 2 中，将 600 只 1 日龄雏鸭随机分成 5 个等氮等能饲粮处理组，分别饲喂含 0（对照组）、6、12、18 和 24%RPS 的饲粮。分别在 14 和 35 日龄时采样。饲粮 RPS 水平对 14 和 35 日龄肉鸭的生长性能及回肠参数（长度、重量和 pH）均无显著影响。然而，与对照组相比，12 和 18%RPS 饲粮组雏鸭 14 日龄时的肠黏膜厚度、绒毛高度（14 日龄时 18%RPS 除外）和绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值升高，同时，12%RPS 饲粮组雏鸭的促炎因子如血浆白细胞介素（IL）-1β和 IL-6（14 日龄）降低，12%（除 14 日龄外）和 18%RPS 组的肿瘤坏死因子-α降低。与对照组相比，18%RPS 饲粮组在 14 日龄时黏蛋白 2 基因表达显著升高，12%RPS 饲粮显著提高了肠道黏膜中紧密连接蛋白 Zonula occludens-1 和 Claudin 1 的 mRNA 表达（除 14 日龄外）。此外，饲喂 12%RPS 饲粮的雏鸭盲肠内容物中乙酸、丙酸和丁酸的浓度均高于其他组。这些结果表明，饲粮添加 12%和/或 18%RPS 可提高盲肠 SCFA 浓度，从而增强 14 和 35 日龄肉鸭的回肠屏障功能，改善肠道健康。
