APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Brain Behav Immun. 2019 Oct;81:74-91. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.07.019. Epub 2019 Jul 19.
The gastrointestinal microbiome has emerged as a key player in regulating brain and behaviour. This has led to the strategy of targeting the gut microbiota to ameliorate disorders of the central nervous system. Understanding the underlying signalling pathways in which the microbiota impacts these disorders is crucial for the development of future therapeutics for improving CNS functionality. One of the major pathways through which the microbiota influences the brain is the immune system, where there is an increasing appreciation for the role of monocyte trafficking in regulating brain homeostasis. In this review, we will shed light on the role of monocyte trafficking as a relay of microbiota signals in conditions where the central nervous system is in disorder, such as stress, peripheral inflammation, ageing, traumatic brain injury, stroke, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. We also cover how the gastrointestinal microbiota is implicated in these mental illnesses. In addition, we aim to discuss how the monocyte system can be modulated by the gut microbiota to mitigate disorders of the central nervous system, which will lead to novel microbiota-targeted strategies.
肠道微生物群已成为调节大脑和行为的关键因素。这促使人们采取靶向肠道微生物群的策略来改善中枢神经系统的紊乱。了解微生物群影响这些疾病的潜在信号通路对于开发改善中枢神经系统功能的未来疗法至关重要。微生物群影响大脑的主要途径之一是免疫系统，人们越来越认识到单核细胞迁移在调节大脑内稳态中的作用。在这篇综述中，我们将探讨单核细胞迁移作为微生物群信号传递的中继在中枢神经系统紊乱（如应激、外周炎症、衰老、创伤性脑损伤、中风、多发性硬化症、阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病）中的作用。我们还将讨论胃肠道微生物群如何与这些精神疾病有关。此外，我们旨在讨论肠道微生物群如何调节单核细胞系统以减轻中枢神经系统紊乱，这将导致新的靶向微生物群的策略。
