Université Côte d'Azur.
J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2019 Aug 1;41(4):242-250. doi: 10.1123/jsep.2018-0213.
Previous research on the stereotype threat phenomenon has shown that inducing a negative stereotype toward a group debilitates motor performance despite the increase in motivation. Most of the studies focused on tasks requiring technical skills. However, what happens when the task does not require technical skills but focuses on energy expenditure? To examine this question, 34 male and female participants were assigned to a negative stereotype toward women and a nullified-stereotype condition and performed 20 min of self-paced cycling exercise. The authors hypothesized better performances when participants were assigned to the negative stereotype toward women condition than when assigned to the nullified-stereotype condition. As predicted, men and women increased their performances, accompanied by increases in heart rate. Concerning women, this result provides support for the notion that the effect of inducing a negative stereotype is task dependent, but further research is needed to more deeply investigate the mechanisms involved.
先前关于刻板印象威胁现象的研究表明，尽管动机增加了，但对一个群体产生负面刻板印象会削弱运动表现。大多数研究都集中在需要技术技能的任务上。然而，当任务不需要技术技能但侧重于能量消耗时会发生什么？为了检验这个问题，34 名男性和女性参与者被分配到对女性的负面刻板印象和消除刻板印象的条件下，并进行了 20 分钟的自我调节的自行车运动。作者假设当参与者被分配到对女性的负面刻板印象条件下时，他们的表现会比被分配到消除刻板印象条件下时更好。正如所预测的那样，男性和女性都提高了他们的表现，伴随着心率的增加。对于女性来说，这一结果支持了这样一种观点，即产生负面刻板印象的效果取决于任务，但需要进一步的研究来更深入地研究所涉及的机制。
