Queiroz M S, López-Hernández D, Locke S A, Pinto H A, Anjos L A
Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu - IBB/Unesp, 18618-970, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Mina Gerais - UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
J Helminthol. 2019 Jul 23;94:e66. doi: 10.1017/S0022149X19000646.
The trematodes from South American reptiles are poorly known, with only one life cycle completely characterized. We used molecular and morphological methods to characterize diplostomoid metacercariae found in 29 of 86 pointedbelly frogs, Leptodactylus podicipinus (Cope, 1862) collected in a marsh pond in Selvíria, in the central-west region of Brazil. The metacercariae were identified as Heterodiplostomum lanceolatum Dubois, 1936 (Proterodiplostomidae), a rarely reported species that matures in snakes. In phylogenetic analysis of partial sequences from 28S rDNA, H. lanceolatum fell within a polytomy with the proterodiplostomid Crocodilicola pseudostoma (molecular divergence of 4.1%) and other members of the superfamily Diplostomoidea. Our collections provide insights into the ecology of this parasite, in that infected frogs were smaller than uninfected frogs, and metacercariae were more numerous in the abdominal cavity and hindlimb muscles than in abdominal muscles, which suggests directions for future research on the transmission and pathology of this proterodiplostomid.
南美洲爬行动物体内的吸虫鲜为人知，仅有一个完整的生命周期得到了充分描述。我们运用分子和形态学方法，对在巴西中西部地区塞尔维里亚的一个沼泽池塘采集的86只尖腹蛙（Leptodactylus podicipinus，由科普于1862年命名）中的29只体内发现的双口吸虫囊蚴进行了特征描述。这些囊蚴被鉴定为1936年杜布瓦命名的矛形异双口吸虫（Heterodiplostomum lanceolatum，前双口科），这是一种在蛇类体内成熟、很少被报道的物种。在对28S核糖体DNA的部分序列进行系统发育分析时，矛形异双口吸虫与前双口科的假鳄口吸虫（分子差异为4.1%）以及双口吸虫超科的其他成员一同处于一个多分支中。我们的采集工作为这种寄生虫的生态学研究提供了见解，因为受感染的青蛙比未受感染的青蛙体型更小，并且囊蚴在腹腔和后肢肌肉中的数量比在腹肌中更多，这为今后对这种前双口科吸虫的传播和病理学研究指明了方向。
