Kerper Matthew, Puckett Yana
UPMC
Orlando Health Cancer Institute, Orlando, Florida
Filoviruses, a viral family, , can cause hemorrhagic fever in humans and primates. There are 3 known genera of filoviruses: Cuevavirus, Marburgvirus, and Ebolavirus. These further subdivide into 6 species: Zaire, Sudan, Tai Forest, Bundibugyo, Reston, and Bombali. Thus far, the Reston and Bombali strains are not known to cause disease in humans. Structurally, filoviruses obtained their name due to their macroscopic appearance as filamentous viruses, from the Latin for "thread," often having a string-like or torus-like appearance. They have enveloped particles that contain a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA genome with genes arranged linearly. Additionally, they have a single glycoprotein spike on the surface and 4 structural proteins, which include the virus-encoded polymerase. Filoviruses are highly contagious and spread quickly via human-to-human contact. They are considered biosafety level 4 agents with very high mortality rates.
丝状病毒科是一种病毒家族，可导致人类和灵长类动物患出血热。已知丝状病毒有3个属：库埃瓦病毒属、马尔堡病毒属和埃博拉病毒属。这些属进一步细分为6个种：扎伊尔种、苏丹种、塔伊森林种、本迪布焦种、莱斯顿种和邦巴利种。迄今为止，莱斯顿和邦巴利毒株尚未被发现可导致人类患病。在结构上，丝状病毒因其丝状病毒的宏观外观而得名，源于拉丁语中的“线”，通常呈线状或环状外观。它们具有包膜颗粒，其中包含一个负义单链RNA基因组，基因呈线性排列。此外，它们在表面有一个单一的糖蛋白刺突和4种结构蛋白，其中包括病毒编码的聚合酶。丝状病毒具有高度传染性，可通过人际接触迅速传播。它们被认为是生物安全4级病原体，死亡率极高。
