Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA.
Biomaterials. 2019 Oct;218:119341. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119341. Epub 2019 Jul 10.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinical ablation modality to treat cancers and other diseases. PDT involves administration of a photosensitizer, followed by irradiation of target tissue with light. As many photosensitizers are small and hydrophobic, solubilization approaches and nanoscale delivery vehicles have been extensively explored. Liposomes and lipid-based formulations have been used for the past 30 years, and in some cases have been developed into well-defined commercial PDT products. This review provides an overview of common liposomal formulation strategies for photosensitizers for PDT and also photothermal therapy. Furthermore, research efforts have examined the impact of co-loading therapeutic cargo along with photosensitizers within liposomes. Additional recent approaches including imaging, overcoming hypoxia, upconversion and activatable liposomal formulations are discussed.
光动力疗法（PDT）是一种临床消融方式，用于治疗癌症和其他疾病。PDT 包括施用光敏剂，然后用光照辐射目标组织。由于许多光敏剂体积小且疏水性强，因此广泛探索了增溶方法和纳米级递药载体。过去 30 年来，一直在使用脂质体和基于脂质的制剂，在某些情况下，已将其开发为明确的商业 PDT 产品。本综述概述了用于 PDT 和光热治疗的常见脂质体制剂策略。此外，研究工作还研究了在脂质体中共同负载治疗性 cargo 和光敏剂的影响。还讨论了其他最近的方法，包括成像、克服缺氧、上转换和激活的脂质体制剂。
