Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan.
Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Jul 22;16(14):2604. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16142604.
The qualitative and quantitative analysis of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sludge samples from drinking water treatment plants (DWTP) and wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) were established using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The method was suitable to quantify PAHs in the sludge of DWTP and WWTP and it was confirmed by the relevant quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) procedures. The recovery of individual PAHs in the spiked samples ranged from 74.3% to 108.7%. Detection limits of the analytical procedure were 0.0010-0.0046 mg/kg dw for individual PAHs. This method was used to determine the concentration of PAHs in the selected two DWTP and four WWTP sludge samples. The results showed that the total PAHs (∑PAHs) were in low levels which ranged from 0.0668 to 0.1357 mg/kg dw, and 0.5342-1.0666 mg/kg dw for DWTP and WWTP respectively. The 3- & 4-ring PAHs were predominant in DWTP sludge, ranging from 77.4% to 82.7%; the 4-ring PAHs were predominant in WWTP sludge, ranging from 40.7% to 47.6%. The PAHs of DWTP sludge are mainly composed of 3-ring phenanthrene and anthracene and 4-ring pyrene, and chrysene. The PAHs of WWTP sludge are dominated by 4-ring fluoranthene, pyrene, and chrysene. The detected PAHs concentration should be undoubtedly considered for agriculture in sludge applications based on the limits of the EU regulations. The results of this study can be used for regular monitoring to establish a reference for sludge management and application to agriculture.
采用气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）法建立了饮用水处理厂（DWTP）和污水处理厂（WWTP）污泥中 16 种多环芳烃（PAHs）的定性和定量分析方法。该方法适用于 DWTP 和 WWTP 污泥中 PAHs 的定量，并通过相关的质量保证/质量控制（QA/QC）程序得到了验证。加标样品中各 PAHs 的回收率在 74.3%-108.7%之间。分析程序的检测限为 0.0010-0.0046mg/kg dw 。该方法用于测定选定的两个 DWTP 和四个 WWTP 污泥样品中 PAHs 的浓度。结果表明，总多环芳烃（∑PAHs）含量较低，范围分别为 0.0668-0.1357mg/kg dw 和 0.5342-1.0666mg/kg dw 。DWTP 污泥中以 3-和 4-环 PAHs 为主，范围分别为 77.4%-82.7%；WWTP 污泥中以 4-环 PAHs 为主，范围分别为 40.7%-47.6%。DWTP 污泥中的 PAHs 主要由 3-环菲和蒽以及 4-环芘和荧蒽组成。WWTP 污泥中的 PAHs 主要由 4-环芴、芘和荧蒽、苯并[a]芘组成。根据欧盟法规的限制，污泥应用中应无疑虑地考虑所检测到的 PAHs 浓度。本研究结果可用于定期监测，为污泥管理和农业应用提供参考。
