Dai Jiayin, Xu Muqi, Chen Jiping, Yang Xiangping, Ke Zhenshan
Key laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 25 Beisihuan Xilu, Beijing 100080, PR China.
Chemosphere. 2007 Jan;66(2):353-61. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.04.072. Epub 2006 Jun 13.
In order to better understand land application of sewage sludge, the characterization of heavy metals, PCDD/F and PAHs in sewage sludge was investigated from six different wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) in Beijing City, China. It was found that the total concentrations of Zn in Wujiacun (WJC) sewage sludge, and Cd and Hg in sewage sludge generated from all of the six different places are higher than Chinese regulation limit of pollutants for sludge to be used for agriculture (GB18918-2002). The levels of 16 PAHs that have been categorized as priority pollutants by US EPA in the sewage sludge samples varied from 2467 to 25923 microg/kg (dry weight), the highest values of 25923 microg/kg being found in WJC WWTP. The concentrations of Benzo[a]pyrene were as high as 6.1mg/kg dry weight in WJC sewage sludge, exceeding the maximum permitted content by GB18918-2002. Individual PAH content varies considerably with sewage samples. The ratios of anthracene to anthracene plus phenanthrene (An/178), benz[a]anthracene to benz[a]anthracene plus chrysene (BaA/228), indene[1,2,3-cd]pyrene to indene[1,2,3-cd]pyrene plus benzo[g,h,i]perylene (In/In+BP), and fluoranthene to fluoranthene plus pyrene (Fl/Fl+Py) suggest that petroleum and combustion of fossil fuel were the dominant contributions for the PAHs in sewage sludge. The concentrations of total PCDD/F in the sewage sludge ranged from 330 to 4245 pg/g d.w. The toxicity equivalent concentrations is between 3.47-88.24 pg I-TEQ according to NATO/CCMS, which is below Chinese legislation limit value proposed for land application. The PCDD/F congener/homologue profiles found in the Beijing samples indicated that the high chlorinated PCDD/F contamination might originate mainly from PCP-related source and depositional sources while the low chlorinated PCDD/F homologues could be originating from incineration or coal combustion. The major source of PCDD/Fs in Beijing sludge is still unclear.
为了更好地了解污水污泥的土地施用情况，对中国北京市六个不同污水处理厂（WWTP）的污水污泥中的重金属、多氯二苯并对二噁英/多氯二苯并呋喃（PCDD/F）和多环芳烃（PAHs）进行了特性研究。结果发现，吴家村（WJC）污水污泥中锌的总浓度，以及所有六个不同地点产生的污水污泥中镉和汞的总浓度均高于中国污泥农用污染物排放标准（GB18918 - 2002）。美国环境保护局（US EPA）列为优先污染物的16种多环芳烃在污水污泥样品中的含量范围为2467至25923微克/千克（干重），其中最高值25923微克/千克出现在WJC污水处理厂。WJC污水污泥中苯并[a]芘的浓度高达6.1毫克/千克干重，超过了GB18918 - 2002规定的最大允许含量。不同污水样品中多环芳烃的个体含量差异很大。蒽与蒽加菲的比值（An/178）、苯并[a]蒽与苯并[a]蒽加 Chrysene的比值（BaA/228）、茚并[1,2,3 - cd]芘与茚并[1,2,3 - cd]芘加苯并[g,h,i]苝的比值（In/In + BP）以及荧蒽与荧蒽加芘的比值（Fl/Fl + Py）表明，石油和化石燃料燃烧是污水污泥中多环芳烃的主要来源。污水污泥中PCDD/F的总浓度范围为330至4245皮克/克干重。根据北约/化学品计量系统（NATO/CCMS），毒性当量浓度在3.47 - 88.24皮克I - TEQ之间，低于中国提出的土地施用立法限值。在北京样品中发现的PCDD/F同系物/异构体谱表明，高氯代PCDD/F污染可能主要源自五氯苯酚相关源和沉积源，而低氯代PCDD/F同系物可能源自焚烧或煤炭燃烧。北京污泥中PCDD/F的主要来源仍不清楚。
