Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E3R2, Canada.
Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E0J9, Canada.
Viruses. 2019 Jul 13;11(7):645. doi: 10.3390/v11070645.
Andes virus (ANDV) and Sin Nombre virus (SNV) are the main causative agents responsible for hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in the Americas. HCPS is a severe respiratory disease with a high fatality rate for which there are no approved therapeutics or vaccines available. Some vaccine approaches for HCPS have been tested in preclinical models, but none have been tested in infectious models in regard to their ability to protect against multiple species of HCPS-causing viruses. Here, we utilize recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus-based (VSV) vaccines for Andes virus (ANDV) and Sin Nombre virus (SNV) and assess their ability to provide cross-protection in infectious challenge models. We show that, while both rVSVΔG/ANDVGPC and rVSVΔG/SNVGPC display attenuated growth as compared to wild type VSV, each vaccine is able to induce a cross-reactive antibody response. Both vaccines protected against both homologous and heterologous challenge with ANDV and SNV and prevented HCPS in a lethal ANDV challenge model. This study provides evidence that the development of a single vaccine against HCPS-causing hantaviruses could provide protection against multiple agents.
安第斯病毒（ANDV）和圣尼诺病毒（SNV）是导致美洲汉坦病毒心肺综合征（HCPS）的主要病原体。HCPS 是一种严重的呼吸道疾病，死亡率很高，目前尚无批准的治疗方法或疫苗。一些针对 HCPS 的疫苗方法已在临床前模型中进行了测试，但没有一种方法在感染模型中测试其预防多种 HCPS 致病病毒的能力。在这里，我们利用基于重组水疱性口炎病毒的（VSV）疫苗针对安第斯病毒（ANDV）和圣尼诺病毒（SNV），并评估它们在感染性挑战模型中提供交叉保护的能力。我们表明，虽然 rVSVΔG/ANDVGPC 和 rVSVΔG/SNVGPC 与野生型 VSV 相比表现出衰减的生长，但每种疫苗都能够诱导交叉反应性抗体反应。两种疫苗都能预防同源和异源的 ANDV 和 SNV 挑战，并在致命的 ANDV 挑战模型中预防 HCPS。这项研究提供了证据，表明针对导致 HCPS 的汉坦病毒的单一疫苗的开发可以提供针对多种病原体的保护。
