乳糜泻患儿的无麸质饮食导致的营养缺乏：系统评价。
Nutritional Deficiencies in Children with Celiac Disease Resulting from a Gluten-Free Diet: A Systematic Review.
机构信息
Chair of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Psychology, NESMOS Department, Sapienza University of Rome, S. Andrea University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy.
Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy.
出版信息
Nutrients. 2019 Jul 13;11(7):1588. doi: 10.3390/nu11071588.
BACKGROUND
A strictly gluten-free diet (GFD) is the basis for managing celiac disease (CD). Numerous studies have reported nutritional deficiencies/imbalances ascribable to a GFD. The aim of this review is to describe nutritional deficiencies observed in children with celiac disease on a GFD, to discuss the clinical consequences related to these nutritional imbalances, and to identify strategies that may be adopted to treat them.
METHODS
We reviewed the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases between January 1998 and January 2019.
RESULTS
Children are, regardless of whether they are on a gluten-free diet or not, at risk of consuming too much fat and insufficient fiber, iron, vitamin D, and calcium. These imbalances may be exacerbated when children are on a gluten-free diet. In particular, the intake of folate, magnesium, zinc, and foods with a high glycemic index in children with CD who are on a GFD is significantly altered.
CONCLUSIONS
Therapeutic protocols should include nutritional education to help teach subjects affected by disorders such as CD the importance of labels, the choice of foods, and the combination of macro- and micronutrients. Children with CD on a GFD should be encouraged to rotate pseudo-cereals, consume gluten-free commercial products that have been fortified or enriched, and use foods that are local and naturally gluten-free.
背景
严格的无麸质饮食（GFD）是治疗乳糜泻（CD）的基础。许多研究报告了归因于 GFD 的营养缺乏/失衡。本综述旨在描述接受 GFD 的乳糜泻儿童中观察到的营养缺乏，讨论与这些营养失衡相关的临床后果，并确定可能用于治疗这些缺乏的策略。
方法
我们在 1998 年 1 月至 2019 年 1 月期间审查了 MEDLINE 和 EMBASE 数据库。
结果
儿童，无论是否接受无麸质饮食，都有摄入过多脂肪和膳食纤维、铁、维生素 D 和钙不足的风险。当儿童接受无麸质饮食时，这些失衡可能会加剧。特别是，CD 儿童的叶酸、镁、锌和高血糖指数食物的摄入量发生了明显改变。
结论
治疗方案应包括营养教育，以帮助患有 CD 等疾病的患者了解标签、食物选择以及宏量和微量营养素的组合的重要性。应鼓励接受 GFD 的 CD 儿童轮换假谷物，食用强化或富含营养的无麸质商业产品，并使用当地天然无麸质的食物。
Zotero 插件