Department of Molecular Biology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
Cells. 2019 Jul 13;8(7):718. doi: 10.3390/cells8070718.
The genome-wide duplication event observed in eukaryotes represents an interesting biological phenomenon, extending the biological capacity of the genome at the expense of the same genetic material. For example, most ribosomal proteins in are encoded by a pair of paralogous genes. It is thought that gene duplication may contribute to heterogeneity of the translational machinery; however, the exact biological function of this event has not been clarified. In this study, we have investigated the functional impact of one of the duplicated ribosomal proteins, uL6, on the translational apparatus together with its consequences for aging of yeast cells. Our data show that uL6 is not required for cell survival, although lack of this protein decreases the rate of growth and inhibits budding. The uL6 protein is critical for the efficient assembly of the ribosome 60S subunit, and the two uL6 isoforms most likely serve the same function, playing an important role in the adaptation of translational machinery performance to the metabolic needs of the cell. The deletion of a single gene significantly extends the lifespan but only in cells with a high metabolic rate. We conclude that the maintenance of two copies of the uL6 gene enables the cell to cope with the high demands for effective ribosome synthesis.
真核生物中观察到的全基因组复制事件是一个有趣的生物学现象，它以牺牲相同的遗传物质为代价扩展了基因组的生物学容量。例如，大多数 中的核糖体蛋白是由一对基因的同源基因编码的。人们认为基因复制可能有助于翻译机制的异质性；然而，这一事件的确切生物学功能尚未阐明。在这项研究中，我们研究了一个核糖体蛋白 uL6 的复制对翻译装置的功能影响及其对酵母细胞衰老的影响。我们的数据表明，uL6 不是细胞存活所必需的，尽管缺乏这种蛋白质会降低生长速度并抑制出芽。uL6 蛋白对核糖体 60S 亚基的有效组装至关重要，两种 uL6 同工型可能具有相同的功能，在适应翻译机制的性能以满足细胞的代谢需求方面发挥重要作用。单个 基因的缺失显著延长了寿命，但仅在代谢率高的细胞中。我们得出的结论是，维持两个 uL6 基因的副本使细胞能够应对有效核糖体合成的高需求。
