Viola Adrienne S, Stapleton Jerod L, Coups Elliot J
Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, United States.
Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 1 Robert Wood Johnson Place, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, United States.
Prev Med Rep. 2019 Jun 28;15:100943. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2019.100943. eCollection 2019 Sep.
The incidence of melanoma among U.S. Hispanics is rising and Hispanics have poorer melanoma survival compared to non-Hispanic whites. Acculturation has been linked with skin cancer-related behaviors among Hispanic individuals, such that Hispanic individuals who are more acculturated to U.S. norms and attitudes have been found to use sunscreen more frequently, to seek shade and use sun protective clothing less often, to sunbathe and indoor tan more frequently, and to have more sunburns than less acculturated individuals. However, little is known about factors that may account for the effect of acculturation on such behaviors and outcomes. The goal of this study was to examine the association between linguistic acculturation and skin cancer-related knowledge and beliefs among Hispanic adults. 788 Hispanic adults completed an online survey measuring linguistic acculturation, sun protection knowledge, perceived skin cancer risk, perceived severity, perceived worry, skin color preference, perceived suntan benefits, photo-aging concerns, sun protection norms, tanning norms and skin cancer fatalism. Compared with Spanish-acculturated Hispanics, English-acculturated Hispanics had greater knowledge, lower levels of perceived risk of skin cancer, lower perceived severity of skin cancer, less worry about skin cancer, greater perceived suntan benefits, and lower photo-aging concerns. This study highlights the importance of considering an individual's level of acculturation when designing skin cancer prevention interventions. Additional research is warranted to develop and test culturally relevant, tailored interventions to reduce the risks of skin cancer among U.S. Hispanics.
美国西班牙裔人群中黑色素瘤的发病率正在上升，且与非西班牙裔白人相比，西班牙裔黑色素瘤患者的生存率更低。文化适应与西班牙裔个体的皮肤癌相关行为有关，研究发现，那些更适应美国规范和态度的西班牙裔个体更频繁地使用防晒霜，较少寻求阴凉处并较少穿着防晒衣物，更频繁地进行日光浴和室内晒黑，且比文化适应程度较低的个体晒伤更严重。然而，对于可能导致文化适应对这些行为和结果产生影响的因素，我们知之甚少。本研究的目的是调查西班牙裔成年人的语言文化适应与皮肤癌相关知识和信念之间的关联。788名西班牙裔成年人完成了一项在线调查，该调查测量了语言文化适应、防晒知识、感知到的皮肤癌风险、感知到的严重性、感知到的担忧、肤色偏好、感知到的晒黑益处、光老化担忧、防晒规范、晒黑规范以及皮肤癌宿命论。与文化适应程度为西班牙语的西班牙裔相比，文化适应程度为英语的西班牙裔有更丰富的知识、更低的皮肤癌感知风险水平、更低的皮肤癌感知严重性、对皮肤癌更少的担忧、更高的晒黑益处感知以及更低的光老化担忧。本研究强调了在设计皮肤癌预防干预措施时考虑个体文化适应程度的重要性。有必要开展更多研究来开发和测试具有文化相关性的、量身定制的干预措施，以降低美国西班牙裔人群患皮肤癌的风险。
