Briggs Amy A, Osenberg Craig W
Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
Oecologia. 2019 Aug;190(4):835-845. doi: 10.1007/s00442-019-04448-3. Epub 2019 Jul 24.
Colonization, including oviposition, is an important driver of population and community dynamics both within and across habitat patches. Most research has focused on the roles of habitat availability or quality on colonization and its outcomes. However, the spatial distribution of habitats also likely affects these processes. We conducted field experiments in Georgia, USA, using clustered and dispersed arrays of equal numbers of oviposition patches to investigate how patch aggregation influenced oviposition by Aedes mosquitoes. We tested the effects of aggregation on: (1) the total number of eggs an array received, (2) the proportion of patches within an array that received eggs, and (3) the number of eggs per colonized patch. We compared results to predictions from three models (Field of Dreams, Propagule Redirection, and Excess Attraction), which vary in the degree to which arrays attract colonists and apportion those colonists among patches. Clustered arrays received 22% more eggs than dispersed arrays, with clustered patches significantly more likely to receive eggs. At the species level, A. albopictus responded more to clustering than did A. triseriatus. These results are inconsistent with Propagule Redirection, but support the Excess Attraction and Field of Dreams models. Although clustered arrays occupied a relatively small area, they attracted at least as many ovipositing mosquitoes as did dispersed arrays. However, the number of eggs per colonized patch did not differ between clustered and dispersed arrays. Therefore, density dependence among larvae, and hence the production of adult mosquitoes on a per-patch basis, should be similar in dispersed and clustered landscapes.
包括产卵在内的定殖是栖息地斑块内部和之间种群及群落动态的重要驱动因素。大多数研究都集中在栖息地可用性或质量对定殖及其结果的作用上。然而，栖息地的空间分布也可能影响这些过程。我们在美国佐治亚州进行了实地实验，使用数量相等的产卵斑块的聚集和分散阵列，以研究斑块聚集如何影响埃及伊蚊的产卵。我们测试了聚集对以下方面的影响：（1）一个阵列接收的卵的总数，（2）一个阵列中接收卵的斑块的比例，以及（3）每个定殖斑块的卵数。我们将结果与三个模型（梦幻之地、繁殖体重定向和过度吸引）的预测进行了比较，这三个模型在阵列吸引殖民者并在斑块间分配这些殖民者的程度上有所不同。聚集阵列比分散阵列多接收22%的卵，聚集斑块接收卵的可能性显著更高。在物种水平上，白纹伊蚊比三带喙库蚊对聚集的反应更强烈。这些结果与繁殖体重定向不一致，但支持过度吸引和梦幻之地模型。虽然聚集阵列占据的面积相对较小，但它们吸引的产卵蚊子数量至少与分散阵列相同。然而，聚集和分散阵列中每个定殖斑块的卵数没有差异。因此，幼虫之间的密度依赖性，以及因此每斑块产生的成年蚊子数量，在分散和聚集景观中应该是相似的。
