310 Clifford Hall, Earth Systems Science and Policy, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, United States.
Hawaii Seafood Council, 1130 N Nimitz Hwy, Suite A263, Honolulu, HI, 96817, United States.
J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2019 Sep;55:50-57. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.05.009. Epub 2019 May 31.
Methylmercury (CHHg) toxicity causes irreversible inhibition of selenium (Se)-dependent enzymes, including those that are required to prevent and reverse oxidative damage in the brain. Fish consumption provides numerous essential nutrients required for optimal health, but is also associated with CHHg exposure risks, especially during fetal development. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the amounts of both elements in seafood to evaluate relative risks or benefits. Consumption of ocean fish containing Se in molar excess of CHHg will prevent interruption of selenoenzyme activities, thereby alleviating Hg-exposure risks. Because dietary Se is a pivotal determinant of CHHg's effects, the Selenium Health Benefit Value (HBV) criterion was developed to predict risks or benefits as a result of seafood consumption. A negative HBV indicates Hg is present in molar excess of Se and may impair Se availability while a positive HBV indicates consumption will improve the Se status of the consumer, thus negating risks of Hg toxicity.
This study examined the Hg and Se contents of varieties of seafood to establish those with positive HBV's offering benefits and those having negative HBVs indicating potential consumption risks.
The Hg and Se molar concentrations in samples of meat from pilot whale, mako shark, thresher shark, swordfish, bigeye tuna, and skipjack tuna were used to determine their HBV's in relation to body weight.
The HBVs of pilot whale, mako shark, and swordfish were typically negative and inversely related to body weight, indicating their consumption may impair Se availability. However, the HBV's of thresher shark, bigeye tuna, and skipjack tuna were uniformly positive regardless of body weights, indicating their consumption counteracts Hg-dependent risks of selenoenzyme impairment.
The HBV criterion provides a reliable basis for differentiating seafoods whose intake should be limited during pregnancy from those that should be consumed to obtain health benefits.
甲基汞 (CHHg) 毒性会导致硒 (Se)-依赖性酶不可逆抑制，包括那些预防和逆转大脑氧化损伤所必需的酶。鱼类消费提供了许多最佳健康所需的必需营养素，但也与 CHHg 暴露风险相关，尤其是在胎儿发育期间。因此，有必要评估海鲜中的这两种元素的含量，以评估相对风险或益处。食用含硒量超过 CHHg 的海洋鱼类将防止硒酶活性中断，从而减轻 Hg 暴露风险。由于膳食 Se 是 CHHg 影响的关键决定因素，因此开发了硒健康效益值 (HBV) 标准来预测由于海鲜消费而产生的风险或益处。负 HBV 表示 Hg 以摩尔过量存在于 Se 中，可能会损害 Se 的可用性，而正 HBV 表示消费将改善消费者的 Se 状态，从而否定 Hg 毒性的风险。
本研究检查了各种海鲜中的 Hg 和 Se 含量，以确定具有正 HBV 的海鲜具有益处，而具有负 HBV 的海鲜则表明存在潜在的消费风险。
利用领航鲸、灰鲭鲨、长尾鲨、剑鱼、大眼金枪鱼和鲣鱼肌肉样本中的 Hg 和 Se 摩尔浓度来确定它们的 HBV 与体重的关系。
领航鲸、灰鲭鲨和剑鱼的 HBV 通常为负，且与体重呈负相关，表明其消费可能会损害 Se 的可用性。然而，长尾鲨、大眼金枪鱼和鲣鱼的 HBV 无论体重如何均为正，表明其消费可抵消 Hg 依赖性硒酶损伤的风险。
HBV 标准为区分在怀孕期间应限制摄入的海鲜和应摄入以获得健康益处的海鲜提供了可靠的依据。
