Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, 1333 San Pablo Avenue, BMT-B11, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
The Thyroid Section, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Thorn Building 1st Floor, Room 126. Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2019 Sep;48(3):557-567. doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2019.05.003. Epub 2019 Jun 11.
Thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer are common conditions and may be identified during pregnancy. The comprehensive evaluation of thyroid nodules during pregnancy includes a medical history, physical examination, ultrasound assessment, and (when indicated) an ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Most thyroid cancers detected during pregnancy will not grow nor pose significant risk during gestation, and thyroid surgery in pregnant women poses higher risks than in nonpregnant women. Through a balanced and informed approach to the clinical care of this unique population, outcomes can be optimized for both the mother and the fetus.
甲状腺结节和甲状腺癌较为常见，在妊娠期间可能会被发现。妊娠期间甲状腺结节的全面评估包括病史、体格检查、超声评估和（必要时）超声引导下细针抽吸活检。大多数在妊娠期间发现的甲状腺癌不会生长，在妊娠期也不会带来显著风险，而且与非妊娠妇女相比，妊娠妇女的甲状腺手术风险更高。通过对这一特殊人群的临床护理进行平衡和知情的处理，可以优化母婴的结局。
