Hernigou J, Schuind F
Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology Surgery, EpiCURA Hospital, Baudour, Belgium.
Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Erasme Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium.
Bone Joint Res. 2019 Jul 5;8(6):255-265. doi: 10.1302/2046-3758.86.BJR-2018-0344.R1. eCollection 2019 Jun.
The aim of this study was to review the impact of smoking tobacco on the musculoskeletal system, and on bone fractures in particular.
English-language publications of human and animal studies categorizing subjects into smokers and nonsmokers were sourced from MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, and SCOPUS. This review specifically focused on the risk, surgical treatment, and prevention of fracture complications in smokers.
Smokers have an increased risk of fracture and experience more complications with delayed bone healing, even if they have already stopped smoking, because some adverse effects persist for a prolonged period. Some risks can be reduced during and after surgery by local and general prevention, and smoking cessation is an important factor in lessening this risk. However, if a patient wants to stop smoking at the time of a fracture, the cessation strategies in reducing tobacco use are not easy to implement. The patient should also be warned that using e-cigarettes or other tobaccos does not appear to reduce adverse effects on health.
The evidence reviewed in this study shows that smoking has a negative effect in terms of the risk and treatment of fractures.: J. Hernigou, F. Schuind. Tobacco and bone fractures: A review of the facts and issues that every orthopaedic surgeon should know. 2019;8:255-265. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.86.BJR-2018-0344.R1.
本研究旨在综述吸烟对肌肉骨骼系统的影响，尤其是对骨折的影响。
从医学文献数据库（MEDLINE）、考克兰图书馆（The Cochrane Library）和Scopus数据库中检索将研究对象分为吸烟者和非吸烟者的英文人类和动物研究出版物。本综述特别关注吸烟者骨折并发症的风险、手术治疗及预防。
吸烟者骨折风险增加，且即使已戒烟，仍会出现更多骨愈合延迟的并发症，因为一些不良影响会持续较长时间。手术期间及术后通过局部和全身预防措施可降低部分风险，戒烟是降低该风险的重要因素。然而，若患者在骨折时想戒烟，减少烟草使用的戒烟策略不易实施。还应警告患者，使用电子烟或其他烟草似乎并不会减少对健康的不良影响。
本研究综述的证据表明，吸烟在骨折风险和治疗方面具有负面影响。：J. 埃尔尼古，F. 舒因德。烟草与骨折：每位骨科医生都应了解的事实与问题综述。2019年；8卷：255 - 265页。DOI: 10.1302/2046 - 3758.86.BJR - 2018 - 0344.R1 。
