Department of Public Health, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
Laboratory of Community Health and Nutrition, Special Course of Food and Health Science, Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8566, Japan.
Int J Behav Med. 2020 Feb;27(1):21-29. doi: 10.1007/s12529-019-09807-1.
Short sleep duration (SSD) is reported to be highly associated with socio-economic status. There are few studies on the relationship between employment status and SSD in Japan.
The authors used the 2006 Survey on Time Use and Leisure Activities conducted by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications Japan, which provides representative samples of Japanese people. The anonymous data of 120,783 people aged 30-59 years were analyzed. Authors defined five categories of employment status: "unemployed," "regularly employed," "non-regularly employed," "self-employed," and "other." Authors also defined a sleep duration shorter than 5 h per night as SSD. Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of SSD using regular employment as the reference group were calculated using the logistic regression model, adjusting for potential confounding factors, i.e., age, marital status, education level, communication device use, and the amount of time spent on various daily activities.
The prevalence of SSD was 2.8% (1639/58,308) in men and 3.2% (1976/62,475) in women. The multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI) of SSD for the self-employed was 0.78 (0.65-0.92) in men and 1.78 (1.43-2.21) in women after adjustment for potential confounding factors, i.e., age, marital status, education level, and communication device use. Further adjustment for the time spent on daily activities revealed that the OR (95% CI) of SSD for the self-employed was 0.78 (0.65-0.92) in men and 1.89 (1.52-2.36) in women.
Self-employed women had a higher prevalence of SSD. By contrast, self-employed men had a lower prevalence of SSD.
有报道称，睡眠时间短（SSD）与社会经济地位高度相关。在日本，关于就业状况与 SSD 之间关系的研究较少。
作者使用了日本总务省进行的 2006 年时间利用和休闲活动调查，该调查提供了具有代表性的日本人样本。对年龄在 30-59 岁的 120783 人的匿名数据进行了分析。作者将就业状况分为五类：“失业”、“正规就业”、“非正规就业”、“自营职业”和“其他”。作者还将每晚睡眠时间短于 5 小时定义为 SSD。使用正规就业作为参考组，使用逻辑回归模型计算 SSD 的多变量调整比值比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI），并调整了潜在的混杂因素，即年龄、婚姻状况、教育程度、通讯设备使用情况以及各种日常活动所花费的时间。
男性 SSD 的患病率为 2.8%（1639/58308），女性为 3.2%（1976/62475）。在调整了潜在混杂因素（即年龄、婚姻状况、教育程度和通讯设备使用情况）后，自营职业男性 SSD 的多变量调整 OR（95%CI）为 0.78（0.65-0.92），女性为 1.78（1.43-2.21）。进一步调整日常活动所花费的时间后，自营职业男性 SSD 的 OR（95%CI）为 0.78（0.65-0.92），女性为 1.89（1.52-2.36）。
自营职业女性 SSD 的患病率较高。相比之下，自营职业男性 SSD 的患病率较低。
