Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Musculoskeletal Growth and Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2019 Sep 1;110(3):562-573. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz145.
The ketogenic diet (KD) is a normocaloric diet composed of high-fat, low-carbohydrate, and adequate protein that induces fasting-like effects and results in the production of ketone bodies. Initially used widely for children with refractory epilepsy, the KD gained popularity due to its beneficial effects on weight loss, diabetes, and cancer. In recent years, there has been a resurgence in interest surrounding the KD and exercise performance. This review provides new insights into the adaptation period necessary for enhancement in skeletal muscle fat and ketone oxidation after sustained nutritional ketosis. In addition, this review highlights metabolically active growth factors and cytokines, which may function as important regulators of keto-adaptation in the setting of exercise and the KD.
生酮饮食（KD）是一种等热量饮食，由高脂肪、低碳水化合物和适量蛋白质组成，可诱导类似禁食的效果，并产生酮体。最初广泛用于治疗难治性癫痫儿童，KD 因其在减肥、糖尿病和癌症方面的有益作用而受到关注。近年来，KD 和运动表现之间的关系再次引起人们的兴趣。本综述提供了新的见解，即持续营养性酮症后，骨骼肌脂肪和酮体氧化增强所需的适应期。此外，本综述还强调了代谢活跃的生长因子和细胞因子，它们可能是运动和 KD 条件下酮适应的重要调节因子。
