Coleman A L, Gorman M G, Briggs R, McWilliams R S, McGonegle D, Bolme C A, Gleason A E, Fratanduono D E, Smith R F, Galtier E, Lee H J, Nagler B, Granados E, Collins G W, Eggert J H, Wark J S, McMahon M I
SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom.
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94500, USA.
Phys Rev Lett. 2019 Jun 28;122(25):255704. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.255704.
Ultrafast x-ray diffraction at the LCLS x-ray free electron laser has been used to resolve the structural behavior of antimony under shock compression to 59 GPa. Antimony is seen to transform to the incommensurate, host-guest phase Sb-II at ∼11 GPa, which forms on nanosecond timescales with ordered guest-atom chains. The high-pressure bcc phase Sb-III is observed above ∼15 GPa, some 8 GPa lower than in static compression studies, and mixed Sb-III/liquid diffraction are obtained between 38 and 59 GPa. An additional phase which does not exist under static compression, Sb-I^{'}, is also observed between 8 and 12 GPa, beyond the normal stability field of Sb-I, and resembles Sb-I with a resolved Peierls distortion. The incommensurate Sb-II high-pressure phase can be recovered metastably on release to ambient pressure, where it is stable for more than 10 ns.
直线加速器相干光源（LCLS）X射线自由电子激光装置的超快X射线衍射技术已被用于解析锑在59吉帕斯卡冲击压缩下的结构行为。人们观察到，锑在约11吉帕斯卡时转变为非公度的主客体相Sb-II，该相在纳秒时间尺度上形成，带有有序的客体原子链。在约15吉帕斯卡以上观察到高压体心立方相Sb-III，比静态压缩研究中的压力低约8吉帕斯卡，并且在38至59吉帕斯卡之间获得了Sb-III/液体混合衍射。在8至12吉帕斯卡之间，超出Sb-I的正常稳定范围，还观察到一种在静态压缩下不存在的额外相Sb-I'，它类似于具有解析的派尔斯畸变的Sb-I。非公度的Sb-II高压相在释放到环境压力时可以亚稳恢复，在环境压力下它能稳定存在超过10纳秒。
