亲密伴侣凶杀案中男性和女性受害者的比较以及双向性-对国家暴力死亡报告系统的分析。

Comparison of male and female victims of intimate partner homicide and bidirectionality-an analysis of the national violent death reporting system.

机构信息

From the Division of GI, Trauma, and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus (C.G.V., H.C.), Aurora, Colorado; The Ryder Trauma Center, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine (T.L.Z.), Miami; and Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville (M.C.), Florida.

出版信息

J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2019 Aug;87(2):331-336. doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000002276.

DOI:10.1097/TA.0000000000002276

PMID:31348402

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a public health crisis, affecting at least 1:4 women and 1:9 men. A recent multicenter trial on universal screening in trauma patients showed similar rates of positive screens between men and women. Few studies have explored the bidirectional violence in opposite-sex or same-sex relationships. Our goal was to estimate prevalence and risk factors for the most severe manifestation of IPV: intimate partner homicide.

METHODS

This is a 2003-2015 retrospective review of the National Violent Death Reporting System, a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention database of surveillance data. Deaths were coded IPV if the primary relationship between the suspect and victim fell into the categories of current partner or ex-partner. Bivariable and multivariable analysis examined differences between groups for factors and circumstances.

RESULTS

A total of 6,131 persons in opposite-sex relationships and 181 in same-sex relationships were murdered as a result of IPV. Women and Black men were disproportionately affected, and alcohol and preceding arguments were a factor in a higher proportion of male victims. Abuse preceded homicide in many women with almost half of male suspects attempting or committing suicide at the time of intimate partner homicide. Women were more likely than men to use a stabbing instrument, although firearms were still the most common means for each group. In 46.5% of homicides of women, the male suspect attempted suicide (p < 0.001). Bidirectionality was highest in male victims of female perpetrators and in same-sex pairings regardless of sex of the victim.

CONCLUSION

Homicide caused by IPV is a significant public health crisis for both men and women, with women and Black men at particular risk. Firearms are the most commonly used weapon for homicide in both sexes, and mental illness is not a common risk factor. A staggering proportion of these homicides involve suicide of the suspect, suggesting that each potential incident has two victims to target for prevention and intervention. Interventional programs to prevent such bidirectional mortality are urgently needed.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE

Retrospective secondary data analysis, level III.

摘要

背景

亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）是一种公共健康危机，至少影响 1/4 的女性和 1/9 的男性。最近一项关于创伤患者普遍筛查的多中心试验显示，男性和女性的阳性筛查率相似。很少有研究探讨异性恋或同性恋关系中的双向暴力。我们的目标是估计最严重的 IPV 表现：亲密伴侣杀人的发生率和危险因素。

方法

这是对国家暴力死亡报告系统（疾病预防控制中心监测数据的数据库）的 2003-2015 年回顾性研究。如果嫌疑人与受害者之间的主要关系属于当前伴侣或前伴侣类别，则将死亡编码为 IPV。单变量和多变量分析检查了两组之间在因素和情况方面的差异。

结果

共有 6131 名异性恋关系中的人和 181 名同性恋关系中的人因 IPV 而被谋杀。女性和黑人男性受到的影响不成比例，酒精和先前的争吵是男性受害者中更高比例的因素。在许多女性中，虐待先于杀人，几乎一半的男性嫌疑人在亲密伴侣杀人时试图或自杀。与男性相比，女性更有可能使用刺器，尽管枪支仍然是每组最常见的手段。在女性杀人案中，有 46.5%的男性嫌疑人试图自杀（p<0.001）。在女性施害者的男性受害者和同性恋关系中，无论受害者的性别如何，双向性都最高。