Li Xianwei, Jia Xiaoting, Xiang Huiming, Diao Hongliang, Yan Yu, Wang Yi, Ma Ruiyan
College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China.
Environ Entomol. 2019 Sep 30;48(5):1035-1041. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvz066.
Oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck), is a worldwide pest and is the dominant pest of rosaceous plants in northern China. Little is known, however, about the influence of abiotic factors on the daily life history events of this economically important pest, so here we evaluated the effect of different photoperiods (L:D) (0:24; 2:22; 4:20; 6:18; 8:16; 10:14; 12:12; 14:10; 15:9 [control]; 16:8; 18:6; 20:4; 22:2; and 24:0 h) and light intensities (50, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 lux) on the mating behavior and reproduction of oriental fruit moth. We found that oriental fruit moth adults with an 8, 9, or 10 h scotophase showed considerably more courtship behavior than those in other photoperiod treatments. Meanwhile, male fanning and male 'crawling in a circle' behaviors significantly decreased with increasing light intensity. Neither female or male oriental fruit moth longevity nor the egg hatch rate were influenced by photoperiod (P = 0.146; 0.271; 0.107) or light intensity (P = 0.268; 0.08; 0.123). In both photoperiod and light intensity treatments (P < 0.05), the number of eggs laid daily by females was significantly influenced by female age, decreasing with greater age. Female oriental fruit moth lifetime fecundity was influenced by photoperiod, with the 9, 10, 16, 18, and 22 h scotophase periods having higher fecundity than other treatments. Meanwhile, fecundity decreased with increasing light intensity.
桃小食心虫（Grapholita molesta (Busck)）是一种世界性害虫，也是中国北方蔷薇科植物的主要害虫。然而，关于非生物因素对这种具有重要经济意义的害虫日常生活史事件的影响，人们知之甚少。因此，我们评估了不同光周期（光照:黑暗）（0:24；2:22；4:20；6:18；8:16；10:14；12:12；14:10；15:9 [对照]；16:8；18:6；20:4；22:2；和24:0小时）和光照强度（50、100、200、300、400和500勒克斯）对桃小食心虫交配行为和繁殖的影响。我们发现，暗期为8、9或10小时的桃小食心虫成虫比其他光周期处理的成虫表现出更多的求偶行为。同时，随着光照强度的增加，雄虫扇动翅膀和雄虫“绕圈爬行”行为显著减少。桃小食心虫雌虫或雄虫的寿命以及卵孵化率均不受光周期（P = 0.146；0.271；0.107）或光照强度（P = 0.268；0.08；0.123）的影响。在光周期和光照强度处理中（P < 0.05），雌虫每日产卵数均受雌虫年龄的显著影响，随年龄增长而减少。桃小食心虫雌虫的终生繁殖力受光周期影响，暗期为9、10、16、18和22小时的繁殖力高于其他处理。同时，繁殖力随光照强度的增加而降低。
