Ding Ying-Xue, Cui Hong
Department of Pediatric, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, Phone: +86-10-13146645219.
Department of Pediatric, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig. 2019 Jul 26;39(1):hmbci-2019-0016. doi: 10.1515/hmbci-2019-0016.
Brain injury is a serious complication of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), but the exact mechanism remains unclear. While glucocorticoids (GCs) play an important role in intrauterine growth and development, GCs also have a damaging effect on microvascular endothelial cells. Moreover, intrauterine adverse environments lead to fetal growth restriction and the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis resetting. In addition, chronic stress can cause a decrease in the number and volume of astrocytes in the hippocampus and glial cells play an important role in neuronal differentiation. Therefore, it is speculated that the effect of GCs on cerebral neurovascular units under chronic intrauterine stimulation is an important mechanism leading to brain injury in infants with growth restrictions.
脑损伤是宫内生长受限（IUGR）的一种严重并发症，但其确切机制仍不清楚。虽然糖皮质激素（GCs）在子宫内生长和发育中起重要作用，但GCs对微血管内皮细胞也有损害作用。此外，宫内不良环境会导致胎儿生长受限和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴重置。另外，慢性应激可导致海马体中星形胶质细胞数量和体积减少，而神经胶质细胞在神经元分化中起重要作用。因此，推测慢性宫内刺激下GCs对脑微血管单元的影响是导致生长受限婴儿脑损伤的重要机制。
