Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, Rome 00133, Italy; San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; Fondazione Umberto Veronesi (FUV), Piazza Velasca 5, 20122 Milano (Mi), Italy.
Nuclear Medicine, Policlinico "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer. 2019 Aug;1872(1):138-148. doi: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2019.07.002. Epub 2019 Jul 23.
According to the most recent epidemiological studies, breast cancer shows the highest incidence and the second leading cause of death in women. Cancer progression and metastasis are the main events related to poor survival of breast cancer patients. This can be explained by the presence of highly resistant to chemo- and radiotherapy stem cells in many breast tumor tissues. In this context, numerous studies highlighted the possible involvement of epithelial to mesenchymal transition phenomenon as biological program to generate cancer stem cells, and thus participate to both metastatic and drug resistance process. Therefore, the comprehension of mechanisms (both cellular and molecular) involved in breast cancer occurrence and progression can lay the foundation for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutical protocols. In this review, we reported the most important findings in the field of breast cancer highlighting the most recent data concerning breast tumor biology, diagnosis and therapy.
根据最近的流行病学研究，乳腺癌在女性中的发病率最高，是女性死亡的第二大主要原因。癌症的进展和转移是导致乳腺癌患者生存率低的主要原因。这可以解释为在许多乳腺癌组织中存在对化疗和放疗高度耐药的干细胞。在这种情况下，许多研究强调了上皮到间充质转化现象作为产生癌症干细胞的生物学程序的可能参与，从而参与转移和耐药过程。因此，对乳腺癌发生和发展中涉及的机制（细胞和分子）的理解可以为新的诊断和治疗方案的发展奠定基础。在这篇综述中，我们报告了乳腺癌领域的最重要发现，强调了有关乳腺癌生物学、诊断和治疗的最新数据。
